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发表于 2014-7-29 01:26:03
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好吧,其实我是看出来这个帖子是有针对性的。
维基百科针对 bipolar disorder早期针状诊断的条目如下:
Manic episodes
Mania is a distinct period of at least one week of elevated or irritable mood, which can take the form of euphoria, and exhibit three or more of the following behaviors (four if irritable): speak in a rapid, uninterruptible manner, are easily distracted, have racing thoughts, display an increase in goal-oriented activities or feel agitated, or exhibit behaviors characterized as impulsive or high-risk such as hypersexuality or excessive money spending.[6] To meet the definition for a manic episode, these behaviors must impair the individual's ability to socialize or work.[6][7] If untreated, a manic episode usually lasts three to six months.[9]
People with mania may also experience a decreased need for sleep, speak excessively in addition to speaking rapidly, and may have impaired judgment.[7][10] Manic individuals often have issues with substance abuse due to a combination of thrill-seeking and poor judgment.[11] At more extreme levels, a person in a manic state can experience psychosis, or a break with reality, a state in which thinking is affected along with mood.[7] They may feel out of control or unstoppable, or as if they have been "chosen" and are on a special mission, or have other grandiose or delusional ideas.[12] Approximately 50% of those with bipolar disorder experience delusions or hallucinations.[13] This may lead to violent behaviors and hospitalization in an inpatient psychiatric hospital.[7][10] The severity of manic symptoms can be measured by rating scales such as the Young Mania Rating Scale.[10][14]
The onset of a manic (or depressive) episode is often foreshadowed by sleep disturbances.[15] Mood changes, psychomotor and appetite changes, and an increase in anxiety can also occur up to three weeks before a manic episode develops.[16] |
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