我要戒烟，能成功吗？

FCH

Post by wonderiii;540914
俺20年的烟龄，到这儿也戒了8个月了，血液中尼古丁残留物估计已经所剩无几，对白棍棍已经没有感觉了。

又一个烟龄长的，而且戒烟成功！

China_yan

贴一篇Times 上的文章，增加点深度。

Tracking the smoking gene

by Ainsley Newson
A DNA test claims to identify the perfect quit-smoking strategy. Are there any butts?

                               
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With a ban on smoking in enclosed public places in England around the corner, now might be the time to kick the habit. But with so many treatments to help you quit, it can be difficult to choose — hypnosis, patches, medications, willpower? Now, however, one of the first “lifestyle” genetic tests is available, claiming to help identify exactly what approach is best for your genetic make-up, and to tailor a quit strategy to fit. It’s called NicoTest.
It sounds a like godsend, but scientists are less than unanimous about its benefits. The test has raised new questions about whether our high hopes about genetic testing have started a bandwagon that is beginning to run out of control.
NI_MPU('middle');About two thirds of the UK’s 14 million smokers want to quit, yet figures show that only 1 in 20 who stop “cold turkey” remains smoke-free a year later. The makers of NicoTest claim to be able to change all that. “The test ensures that a smoker takes the right treatment at the right dose from the outset,” says Mark Tucker, the chief executive of G-Nostics, the Oxford-based company behind the £94.99 test.
NicoTest analyses two genes called DRD2 and CYP2A6. DRD2 is important because it may influence whether we become addicted to nicotine. The theory is that the pleasure we get from tobacco relates to our brain cells being receptive to a “pleasure chemical” in the brain called dopamine. The nicotine in tobacco is believed to activate dopamine receptors in the brain, causing pleasure sensations. The DRD2 gene helps to regulate how receptive cells are to dopamine.
In some people, G-Nostics says, the gene is subtly altered, meaning that cells are less receptive to dopamine. Those people, it claims, are predisposed to being heavier smokers because they need more nicotine to get the same “reward” from smoking.
This heavily addicted group with an altered DRD2 gene may respond better to treatments that continue to feed the body nicotine — nicotine-replacement therapies, such as gum, patches or lozenges. The remaining 65 per cent of smokers who don’t have this alteration may respond better to drugs that reduce the urge to smoke, such as buproprion (Zyban).
NicoTest also analyses the CYP2A6 gene because it may influence how quickly smokers clear nicotine from the body. This is useful information to know when putting together individualised quitting programmes; people who get rid of nicotine from their bodies more slowly may need lower doses of nicotinereplacement therapies and may be able to wean themselves off them quicker.
But much of this is based on conjecture. While scientists have found a handful of genes influencing nicotine addiction, research, including G-Nostic’s, is still at an early stage. “It is almost certain that in 20 years’ time we will have tests for 50-100 genes that help to explain why one person smokes and gets hooked and another does not,” says Dr Saskia Sanderson, a research fellow in health psychology and genetics at University College London.
“But even then we still won’t be able to label someone as an addict on the basis of their genes because personality and behaviour are much more complex than that,” Dr Sanderson adds.
Imran Ahmed, 27, was smoking 20 cigarettes a day before taking the NicoTest six weeks ago and he has not smoked since. The test indicated that he had an altered DRD2 gene and that he would be a good candidate for nicotine replacment therapy rather than drugs, but he needed only low doses, the test found. It seems to have worked; psychologically, if nothing else.
“When I got the test result I made myself a certificate and put it on the wall next to the result. This authoritative advice has made me much more confident about quitting,” he says.
But critics have expressed concern about the test, currently available only from the company’s website. “It has been marketed without adequate supportive evidence,” says Robert West, a professor of tobacco studies at University College London. “It is all very interesting, but not close to being something to consider as a reliable technology.”
Dr Sanderson concurs: “While the principle behind the test is sound, the reality is that we’re still at the research stage and it’s too soon to be selling this kind of genetic test to the public.” Tucker disagrees. “I find that incredible because nothing is too soon for someone who is trying to quit smoking,” he says. “Anything that helps them to find a path to quitting can’t come soon enough.” He says that NicoTest is not only about genetics. “Our online support programme helps to prepare a smoker to quit and maintain a smoke-free lifestyle. Customers receive tailored cognitive behavioural advice, an 11-week course of motivational e-mail messages and access to a professionally moderated chat room.”

China_yan

还有一篇更有意思的：
'Smoker's gene' makes it hard to quit for some

Smokers who find it difficult to quit may be carrying a newly-discovered gene variant which may also to protect them against emphysema.

The study by Dr Hidetoshi Nakamura of Keio University in Japan, looked at a particular gene known to have an effect on how people process nicotine. They found that some people have a version of the gene that prevents them from processing nicotine effectively.

In the human body, nicotine is mainly metabolised by the gene CYP2A6. In the past, several genotypes - or combinations - of the gene have been found. The researchers were looking at a specific genotype, CYP2A6del (deletion) allele. People with the deletion are not as good at processing the nicotine, and they don't get as much pleasure out of smoking.

The findings are published in the July issue of the journal Thorax.

"If they are not very good at processing nicotine, then they are less likely to be interested in smoking and less likely to continue if they do start," commented Professor Wayne Hall from the Institute for Molecular Biology at the University of Queensland who specialises in the area of addiction.

"It is not a gene of major effect," Hall told ABC Science Online. "It's not the case that if you have this gene, you won't smoke; and if you don't have it you will. It is a risk factor but not a strong one."

However, Nakamura said that those people who had the genotype and did smoke appeared to have much more trouble quitting. They also found that this version of the gene also appears to function as a protective factor against the development of pulmonary emphysema - independent of whether those carrying it smoke or not, the authors said.

The researchers suggest that DNA testing for the genotype in people could help determine what type of method an individual should use when trying to give up smoking.

Hall suggests that an equivalent test is simply to ask a smoker how soon after waking they have their first cigarette. "If it is within half an hour of waking, they are fairly dependent on nicotine and they would be best advised to use nicotine replacement to help them give up," he said. "It's a fairly crude but direct simple indicator."

In the study, DNA samples were taken from 203 current or ex-smokers with suspected chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and from 123 healthy volunteers who were not troubled with respiratory symptoms. The genotype of the CYP2A6 gene was determined for all participants.

All the smokers and ex-smokers had a lifelong cigarette consumption of more than '10 pack years' (a pack year is the equivalent of one packet a day for a year). All subjects were over 50 years of age, and most of them were men.

Using interviews, the researchers established the number of cigarettes smoked per day, how long they had been smokers, and how long they had been smoke-free.

Fewer heavy smokers had the specific type of CYP2A6del allele than light smokers; but those who did, appeared to smoke less over their lifetimes. The gene did not affect the cigarette consumption of light smokers.

But Hall urged caution over the authors' conclusion that the gene seems to protect against chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and said the research needed to be replicated with larger numbers of people. "It would not enable you to think, if you have the gene, you can smoke and not get emphysema," he said.

According to Australia's national anti-smoking program Quit, there are about three million Australian adult smokers. About 40% make an attempt to quit each year, with around 150,000 smokers succeeding. It takes most people several attempts to quit, and someone is considered a 'former smoker' if they have not smoked for a year or longer.

一杯清茶

Post by wonderiii;540914
俺20年的烟龄，到这儿也戒了8个月了，血液中尼古丁残留物估计已经所剩无几，对白棍棍已经没有感觉了。

烟民

Post by China_yan;541005
还有一篇更有意思的：
'Smoker's gene' makes it hard to quit for some

Smokers who find it difficult to quit may be carrying a newly-discovered gene variant which may also to protect them against emphysema.

The study by Dr Hidetoshi Nakamura of Keio University in Japan, looked at a particular gene known to have an effect on how people process nicotine. They found that some people have a version of the gene that prevents them from processing nicotine effectively.

In the human body, nicotine is mainly metabolised by the gene CYP2A6. In the past, several genotypes - or combinations - of the gene have been found. The researchers were looking at a specific genotype, CYP2A6del (deletion) allele. People with the deletion are not as good at processing the nicotine, and they don't get as much pleasure out of smoking.

The findings are published in the July issue of the journal Thorax.

"If they are not very good at processing nicotine, then they are less likely to be interested in smoking and less likely to continue if they do start," commented Professor Wayne Hall from the Institute for Molecular Biology at theUniversity of Queensland who specialises in the area of addiction.

"It is not a gene of major effect," Hall told ABC Science Online. "It's not the case that if you have this gene, you won't smoke; and if you don't have it you will. It is a risk factor but not a strong one."

However, Nakamura said that those people who had the genotype and did smoke appeared to have much more trouble quitting. They also found that this version of the gene also appears to function as a protective factor against the development of pulmonary emphysema - independent of whether those carrying it smoke or not, the authors said.

The researchers suggest that DNA testing for the genotype in people could help determine what type of method an individual should use when trying to give up smoking.

Hall suggests that an equivalent test is simply to ask a smoker how soon after waking they have their first cigarette. "If it is within half an hour of waking, they are fairly dependent on nicotine and they would be best advised to use nicotine replacement to help them give up," he said. "It's a fairly crude but direct simple indicator."

In the study, DNA samples were taken from 203 current or ex-smokers with suspected chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and from 123 healthy volunteers who were not troubled with respiratory symptoms. The genotype of the CYP2A6 gene was determined for all participants.

All the smokers and ex-smokers had a lifelong cigarette consumption of more than '10 pack years' (a pack year is the equivalent of one packet a day for a year). All subjects were over 50 years of age, and most of them were men.

Using interviews, the researchers established the number of cigarettes smoked per day, how long they had been smokers, and how long they had been smoke-free.

Fewer heavy smokers had the specific type of CYP2A6del allele than light smokers; but those who did, appeared to smoke less over their lifetimes. The gene did not affect the cigarette consumption of light smokers.

But Hall urged caution over the authors' conclusion that the gene seems to protect against chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and said the research needed to be replicated with larger numbers of people. "It would not enable you to think, if you have the gene, you can smoke and not get emphysema," he said.

According to Australia's national anti-smoking program Quit, there are about three million Australian adult smokers. About 40% make an attempt to quit each year, with around 150,000 smokers succeeding. It takes most people several attempts to quit, and someone is considered a 'former smoker' if they have not smoked for a year or longer.

你自己呢，还没有戒吧？

China_yan

Post by 烟民;541149
你自己呢，还没有戒吧？

抽得不多，也无所谓戒不戒的。

jackie_xing

饿还没戒呢!

santer

不要戒了，基本上很难阿～斑竹～

FCH

原帖由 santer 于 2008-4-4 06:12 发表

                               
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不要戒了，基本上很难阿～斑竹～

谁顶起来这个帖子？好像是你楼上的。

leeyi

戒烟着事儿需要说干就干.
F老大戒了吗?