写作常用句型与过渡词语！

Peter

①【常见开篇句】
1) With the rapid improvement in.../growing awareness of..., more and more.../sth....
(e.g. With the considerable improvement in building industry, more and more structures are being erected to set the people's minds at ease.)
2) Recently, sth./the problem of...has been brought to popular attention/ has become the focus of public concern. A
(e.g. Recently, the problem of unemployment has been brought to such popular  attention that governments at all levels place it on the agenda as the first matter.)
3) One of the universal issues we are faced with/that cause increasing concern is that...
(e.g. One of the universal issues that draw (cause) growing concern is whether it is wise of man to have invented the automobile.)
4) In the past few years, there has been a boom/sharp growth/decline in.. .
(e.g. In the past ten years, there has been a sharp decline in the number  of species.) 5) Nowadays, more/most important/dangerous for our society is...
(e.g. Nowadays, most dangerous for our society is the tendency to take advantage of each other in political circles.)
6) According to the information given in the table/graph, we can find that...
7) As can be seen from the table/graph/figure, there is a marked increase /decline/favorable (an unfavorable) change in...
8) As we can see from the table/graph/figure above, drastic/considerable/ great changes have taken place in...over the period of time from...(年份)to...( 年份)
9) The table/graph shows that there is a(n) declining/increasing trend of ...from...(年份) to...(年份)
10) Anyone who takes a closer look at the data in the table/graph can be  surprised to find that...
11) It is a traditional practice to...in our society. (e.g. It is a traditional practice for young people to be financially dependent on their parents for anything like marriage and housing.)
12) It has long been considered only right and proper to...(in China.) (e.g. It has long been considered only right and proper/perfectly justified for the old to assume full responsibility for the growth of the young.)
13) As things usually go against sb.'s will, his original intention was to...
(e.g. As things usually go against man's will, his original intention was to  change the way people lived by inventing the internal combustion engine. Indeed, its birth has greatly enhanced their enjoyment of life, especially in traveling and transporting. But its dark side is presenting a growing worry to our society.)
14) The current situation of..., if approached from the opposite angle, reveals that...
(e.g. The current situation of our reforms is political structure, if approached from the opposite angle, reveals that much of the achievement is far from satisfactory. For example,...But...)
15) Everything about...seems (not) to be getting on smoothly/just as one wishes in...
(e.g. Everything about the economic reform seems to be getting on just as our government wishes in China.)
16) To sb.'s mind/In sb.'s eye(s), sth. seems/means... (e.g. In the eyes of the public, official corruption means taking bribes,. ..But such corruption comes in many different forms.) 17) No one would deny that...
或：Everyone would agree that...
(e.g. 见例2) 18) When it comes to...(sth.), most people (the public) maintain(s)/contend(s) that...
(e.g. When it comes to fake commodities, every consumer has much anger to pour upon them.)
19) Now it is widely believed that...
(e.g. Now it is widely believed that examinations are the best possible measure for the selection of the qualified.)
20) A public debate has arisen as to/over/concerning...
(e.g. A public debate has arisen as to whether one should step forward bravely in the event of crime.)
21) All that sth. has done for our society seems like a big step forward in the right/wrong direction, but it has also brought along with it a great worry /benefit to...(the average people.)
(sth.: cloning, the reform in managerial structures, etc.)
22) The birth/invention of...has made an enormous/essential difference to ...But it does not mean that...
(e.g. The birth of the computer has made a radical difference to the human progress. But it does not mean that this wonder does no threat to our society.)
23) Sth. has changed the way our society develops....But its bright side should not keep us from following closely its dark side.
(sth.: the genetic engineering, etc.)
24) Things about...are going on to our advantage, but a long cool look at ...reveals that...
(e.g. Things about the reform in state enterprises are not going on to the most workers' advantage....But a long cool look at this move reveals that it will  produce some substantial benefits to our nation in a long run.)
25) No/Little doubt that...But...
(e.g.［There is］ Little doubt that the traditional schooling has contributed much to our social development....But some grave defects in it begin to stand  out against the modern times.)

26) What does sth. mean? 27) How/Why does sth. affect our life? 28) What is it like to do...? (e.g. What is it like to have lost all confidence in oneself?) 29) What would our society be like if there were no...? (e.g. What would our society be like if there were no public morals?)
30) Should we put sth. above sth. else?
或：Should we attach as much weight to A as to B?
(e.g. Should we put intellectual development above moral education?) 31) Sth. is often referred to as/defined as... (e.g. Corrupt officials are often referred to as the most dangerous borers  in our government bodies, who are nibbling away the healthy organism of our party by dishonest means.)
32) (Doing) Sth. is just the same as.../is compared to.../is likened to.. ./is like...
(e.g. Life in the middle of marriage is often compared to wire walking, for in the early years spouses attract each other and in late years they need each other.)
33) Sth. is to...what sth. else is to...
(e.g. An individual human existence is to the human society what a river is  to the ocean, small and busy rushing past rocks at first, but gradually growing wider and quieter until it becomes merged in the ocean in the end.)
34) To/For/With most people/sb., sth. is/means...
(e.g. To dishonest people, a friend means a target or an object that is of some use to them at present or in the future.)
35) Sth. is the symbol/mark/equivalent of.../is symbolic of.../is equivalent to...
(e.g. If selling one's sex is the mark of degeneration, selling one's power is equivalent to committing crime.)
36) Suppose/Imagine that.../Let's suppose/assume/imagine (that)... (e.g. Suppose, by any chance, you heartily disagree with anything that is  going on about you, you are less likely to stay on the good side of people around you.)
37) We often find ourselves caught/involved in a dilemma whether...
(e.g. We often find ourselves caught in a dilemma whether we should reach for the bear's paw or for the shark's fin/whether to reach for...)
38) If/In case/In the event that..., it is better to.../a better course is to.../sb. has no choice/option/alternative but to.../all we want to know is ho w...
(e.g. In the event that you fall in a love river, all we want to know is how  you will swim in it, as you are no longer a fisherman.)
39) Unfortunately, sth. may affect sb.'s life to the point where...
(e.g. Unfortunately, the desire to be well thought of affects one's life to  the point where he is reluctant to say no to anyone else regarding anything.)
40) In our life, there often appears such an occasion when.../on which... (或it often happens that...)
(e.g. In our daily life, there appears such an occasion when we drink success to our work in one field but, at the same time, begin to do great damage to other fields.)
41) “...” That is how one of the great minds/scientists/writers remarked on...
(e.g. “Happiness, like an old friend, is inclined to drop in unexpectedly— when you're working hard on something else.” That is how a famous writer once remarked on happiness.)
42) One of the great sociologists/psychologists has said:“...”
(e.g. The great classical ballerina Anna Pavlova has said: “No one can arrive from being talented alone. God gives talent; work transforms talent into genius.” In other words ...)
43) “...” Such is the accurate exposition/exposure of...frequently over heard in public.
(e.g. “Public morals are declining day by day.” Such is the correct exposure of the dark side of our society.)
44) How often nowadays we hear such remarks/complaints/words as this “...” or “...”!
(e.g. How often nowadays we hear such complaints from officials as this “I  have too many social engagements to carry out” or “I have too many social engagements to carry out” or “I have to bear too many titles for our society”! Don't be misled by the complaints of this kind!)
45) One of the great men once said that...
(e.g. A gifted American psychologist once said that it is an illusion to believe in the Sunday-school truth—more comfort, more happiness.)
46) Once in a newspaper/magazine, I hit upon the report that... (e.g. Once in a newspaper, I hit upon the news that a quick witted policeman spotted a suspect's spittle in the street blotted it up and ran a DNA test on  it which led to the man's arrest for a murder.  This case best counts as a practical application of the DNA technique.)
47) One day, I happened to witness the incident as follows:...
(e.g. 略) 3) According to the recent survey/poll/questionaire/statistics, there is/a re...percent of...
(e.g. According to a recent survey made in a certain university, there are 43.8 percent of male students and 38.3 percent of female students either facing problems with nutrition or having to miss classes because of illness each term.)
48) The scientific studies/statistics show/indicate that...
(e.g. The latest scientific studies show that, if one's mind catches hold of something and does not let it go, it is useless to argue with the mind in this condition. This finding further confirms that a modern man is apt to get anxious and depressed.)
49) Every weekend sees sb. go about...
(e.g. Every weekend sees Ms Song, my roommate, wolf down her dinner and hurry out with her boy friend.)

②【常见段首句】
1) According to/In the opinion(eye) of/From the viewpoint of some (those) people, the issue in question is...
(e.g. In the opinion of some old people, traditional modes of thought are the touchstone by which to tell good from bad.)
2) Hit (Confronted/Faced/Seized/Stuck/Haunted/Cursed/Overcome/Infatuated) with..., some people tend to...
(e.g. Haunted with sad memories, some people are apt to take a gloomy view on life.)
3) In (the) event (face/case/course/time/view) of..., some people usually ...
(e.g. In the course of human struggle for survival, quite a few people always direct their eyes to its dark side.)
4) As is stated (shown/suggested/listed/illustrated) in.../According to a recent (the latest) report (survey/quetionaire/study/scientific research), the issue in question really...(there are quite a lot of people who...)
(e.g. As is shown in a recent questionaire, there are a large number of people who express greater dissatisfaction than satisfaction at the general mood of  society.)
5) In our daily life (activities/social contact)/In reality/Actually, man y people respond/react to the issue in question by...
(e.g. In reality, most people respond to evil-doing by avoiding it whenever  possible.)
6) A good case in point is (can be best provided by) that of... (e.g. A good case in point is that of a businessman who makes money by fair  means or foul.
7) Just consider/think of the matter/case of...
(e.g. Just consider the matter of raising flowers that are delicate and sensitive to watering.)
8) In the course of..., for example, there is/are...
(e.g. In the course of coping with worries in life, for example, there is an  art to what way you take.)[HJ*4/7]
9) Take...for example(或Take, for example,...)A (e.g. Take foot racing (for example), it is a sport in which endurance and strong finish is often more important.)
10) As a(n) example (of...)/illustration (of...)/case in point, let's take/see/consider/follow/cite...
11) Awareness of the matter in question is one thing/only the beginning( 或 the first step), but more important to us is the step/the question of how to (cope with/do with it)...
(e.g. Awareness of the harmfulness of superstition is only the first step, but more important to our nation is the step of how to clear it out of our society.)
12) There is no easy (perfect/universal/two-bird-one-stone/happiest) method (short-cut/solution/remedy/way) at hand, but...can put us on the right way (in the correct direction) to our final goal/destination (...are/is worth trying out in our work.)
(e.g. There is no easy short-cut to removal of superstition, but the following measures/suggestions can put our determination in the right direction.)
13) There is no better/sounder time to take steps/measures/action than right now, for no chance will be greater than the one we are offered.
(e.g. 略)
14) It is obvious (evident/clear/no surprising/high time/hoped/suggested), therefore, that all-out (constant/great/cooperative/further/genuine/substantial/considerable/persistent) efforts should be made (exerted/used/bent/put forth)  to ...(或should be directed to.../focused on...)
(e.g. It is evident, therefore, that constant efforts should be directed to the ecological balance.)
15) Therefore/Obviously/No doubt/Clearly, to...is not a(n) goal/aim to achieve in one step/move/go(或is no easy job/task), and to achieve in one stp/move/ go(或is no easy job/task), and it requires/involves/entails special/proper/all possible means/efforts/measures/remedies.
(e.g. Therefore, to eradicate this inherent weakness from our society is not  a goal to reach in one move, and it requires special efforts.)
16) When/If asked to...I would like to.../would rather (not).../will do as follows.
(e.g. If asked to find the way out of the danger these depraved practices have created, I would rather live a simple life than go along with any others in their evil deeds.)
17) To...I might as well cite my own experience.
(e.g. To draw out of others more valuable opinions upon the problem, I might as well cite my own experience.)
18) If I were thrown/put/involved in (to) the context/background/situation/the state of making my choice, I would...
(e.g. If I were thrown into the freedom to make my choice among the styles of surviving, I would live like this:...)
19) Faced with/Hit with...I resolve/propose to...
(e.g. Faced with the challenge from the future life, I resolve firmly to perfect myself in the aspects as follows.)
20) As far as I am concerned, I will/have/would...(e.g. 略)
21) If sth. is allowed to take its course, it will be sure/bound to bring   about/leave/entail desired (unexpected/grave/immediate/reverse/disastrous/far-re aching) effects/consequences/influences.(e.g. 略)
22) There are sure/believed/supposed to be some good/bad/beneficial/harmful effects/consequences/influences.(e.g. 略)
23) Come what may, it has given rise to several adverse/wholesome effects.(e.g. 略)
24) What merits our special/increasing attention/concern, therefore, is a number of effects/influences sth. has produced/exerted.
(e.g. What merits our primary concern, therefore, is a variety of effects the bad practices in our Party have produced.)
25) The influence/effect/consequence of...has not been confined/limited to...(It also...)(e.g. The influence of our outlook on life has not been confined to any particular aspect of social life. Instead, it has left its mark on every facet of our society.)
26) From the analyses of causes for...it is not hard for one to arrive at/come to/reach/draw/assert/deduce/confirm the conclusion that...(或...to distinguish/see the direction in which...)
(e.g. From the analyses of causes for divorces, it is not hard for us to draw the conclusion that the divorce rates will go up steadily under the current circumstances.)
27) If one continues to cast an indifferent eye on/to turn a deaf ear to/ to be blind to/to overlook the problem, things are sure to go from bad to worse.
或：If one is in real earnest in giving all his attention/concern to the problem/matter, things are bound to go from good to better/from bad to good. A
(e.g. If the governments at all levels are in earnest in giving their special concern to the problem of unemployment, things are more than likely to go from  bad to good.)
28) Thus it can be seen from the above that (doing) sth. means much/a great deal/lots more than itself.
(e.g. Thus it can be seen that nourishing honesty in government bodies means  much more than itself.)
29) The significance of (doing) sth. is embodied/reflected in the following respects.
(e.g. 略)
30) Obviously/Evidently/Clearly/No doubt, sth. will contribute much to... (will add life/color/variety/new meanings/vigor to...)
(e.g. Clearly, the afforestation drive will contribute much to our living environment.)
31) Of the two things in question, I prefer/favor/give more weight to/endorse the first (second)/the former (latter).(e.g. 略)
32) If it is up to me to make a choice (between both), I would rather choose...over...
(e.g. If it were up to me to make a choice between both in the event of betrayal of one's country, I would rather choose death over life.)
33) Since neither of the two things can be perfect in.../work effectively / come up to...(the required standard), the best/only/ideal course open to sb. is to...
(e.g. Since neither of the two measures can be perfect in the solution to the problem of cheating in exams, the best course open to us is to combine the two  measures with other possible solutions.)
34) In view of the fact that there are obvious/serious drawbacks/weakness e s in either of the things in question, I advocate/endorse...(或insist/maintain/h old that...)
(e.g. In view of the fact that there are serious drawbacks in either of the  suggestions, I insist that full play should be given to each other's advantages  for our purpose.)
35) As seen from the above comparison, the first (second) thing is prefer able/more favorable (desirable) (或the first/second thing has more to recommend it), but it should suck advantage out of the other for the sake of perfection.
(e.g. 略) 36) From the above comparison and contrast, anyone can safely/reasonably  conclude that...
(e.g. ...that travelling by car can offer him a greater privilege (chance) of getting to know natural conditions and social customs of places on his way.)
37) When the advantages and disadvantages (the pros and cons of both are weighed in terms of...(on the basis of.../in the light of...), don't you think/agree that...(agree to/favor...)?
(e.g. When...in terms of actual results, don't you agree that the latter is a better way of learning?)
38) Therefore/In conclusion/To sum up, it is because of the unique/substantial/manifold advantages/superiority offered/held by...that...
(e.g. In brief, it is because of the substantial advantages held by the perfection of supervision that the public places high hopes on it.)
39) As things stand, in fact/substance, nothing can be compared with B in ...although...
(e.g. it is not without defects.)
(e.g. As things stand, in fact, nothing can be compared with the crackdown o f corrupt officials in arousing the enthusiasm of the masses, although it is not without defects.)
40) True/Admittedly/Indeed, there are still imperfections in B, but its strong/bright side is what one needs badly.(e.g. 略)
41) The most pressing question/task/problem/issue/matter for us to tackle , in my opinion/in fact, is...(e.g. The most pressing task for us to tackle, in my opinion, is to find new  ways of making best of water resources now available.)
42) Our efforts/concern/attention/interest should be directed to...
(e.g. Our efforts should be directed to what should be done to reverse the t rend.)
43) What we really/badly need now is...
(e.g. What we really need now is to accept any suggestion conducive to the solution of the problem.)
44) It is high time (that)...
(e.g. It is high time that we made our minds open to new, different ideas about it and that we started to take some practical measures so as not to leave it to continue its course until it runs wide.)
45) Then/On the basis of the above refutation, how/what...(next)?
(e.g. ...how to lift ourselves out of the passive situation?...how to repair  the damage man has done to the environment?...what can be done about the present trend of blind faith in things foreign.)
46) So, I feel strongly that...
(e.g. So, I feel strongly that the recent trend of superstition reflects a credibility crisis hanging over the country.)
47) In my opinion/To my mind, nothing is more...than...
(e.g. To my mind, nothing is more important than the need to know right from  wrong.)
48) If our first reaction to this wrong thinking/practice is just a retort on it, our true/ultimate goal is...
(e.g. ...is to make/put right such illusion/practice.)
49) Nowhere in history has the problem/issue/illusion/trend been so...that...
(e.g. ...so critical/hindersome that there is a growing awareness of the urge/necessity to abandon the belief that man can always conquer nature.)
50) Now (that)/Since...the focus of our concern/argument should be switched over to...
(e.g. Now that the issue is too obvious to need further refutation, the focus of our argument should be switched over to intensifying the concept of water shortage among the people.)

Peter

51) I am of the opinion/point/view that... (e.g. I am of the view that China's future is bright but the road to success is not smooth.) 52) To my mind/From my point of view/In my opinion, whether...or...depend s on how...
(e.g. To my mind, whether money may bring us happiness or evils depends on how we get it and how we use it.)
53) Anyway/Anyhow/In any case, whether...or...is a difficult question to answer (remains to be turned over), one thing is certain that...
(e.g. In any case, whether cloning is a blessing or a curse remains to be turned over; but one thing is certain that it will make a great difference to our  outlook on life.)
54) In my eye(s), the wide divergence of opinions as to...does not mean that...(we are at a loss to know how to conduct ourselves). The truth of the matte r (The basic question) is...
(e.g. In my eyes, the wide divergence of opinions as to failure does not mean that...The truth of the matter is what place we leave it to hold (occupy) in our heart.)
55) I can't give my consent to either of the extreme opinions, for/because/as I believe/hold that...
(e.g. ...for I hold that a safer way is to make best of each other's rat ional arguments.) 56) I am of the view/opinion/point that we should give first place (priority) to...while making...subsidiary.
(e.g. I am of the view that we should give first place to the quality-oriented education while making the examination-oriented education subsidiary.) 57) In my opinion, the former (latter) standpoint is more. .to/for...
(e.g. In my opinion, the former standpoint is more suitable for our national conditions.)
58) Although the first (second) viewpoint holds water to some degree (extent), I am still favorably inclined towards the second (first) one.
(e.g. 略)
59) To be frank/To tell the truth, I should second the former (latter) attitude/position in preference to the latter (former).
60) Despite the extreme to which the former (latter) viewpoint goes, the fact of the matter, in my opinion, is that...
(e.g. ...the fact of the matter, in my opinion, is that more and more people are doing their bit in brightening China's future.)
61) For the foregoing reasons, I (have/will) never...
(e.g. For the foregoing reasons, I have never wavered in my pursuit of this purpose.)
62) Although...nothing has...can...(或I have/will all along...)A
(e.g. Although these years have witnessed drastic changes in the way people think and live, I have all along held firmly to the belief that anything in line  with the true interests of the people is worth carrying forward.)
63) Things may change with tidal currents, but what remains the same as before is...
(e.g. ...is my attachment to sb./sth.)
64) In my mind, there is not anything/anybody that/who...than...
(e.g. In my mind, there is not anything that arouses more excitement than this sport/event/place.)
65) Indeed, time and space has proved (that)...
(e.g. Indeed, time and space has proved that, the more effort I make in that direction, the more hungry I feel for it.)
66) My list could go on, but more important/substantial/pressing to me is (that)...
(e.g. ...is what steps I should take towards the realization of my aim.)
67) To..., however, is/requires/demands...
(e.g. To be a successful learner, however, demands a great deal of work.)
68) But in reality, the expression of one' reasons in one thing while the accomplishment of his purpose is another thing, which usually needs/is/requires...(So,...)
(e.g. ..., which usually needs a greater effort of will.)
69) To me, however, the greatest challenge is not the matter/question of...but (the matter/question) of...
(e.g. To me, however, the greatest concern/challenge is not the matter of the grounds for my aspiration, but of capacities to be increased for making it a reality.)
70) Since/Now (that)..., what remains to be done/desired is...
(e.g. Since the factors for my choice are in black and white, what remains to be desired is how to strive towards it.) 71) Another (good/ideal) case in point is that of... (e.g. Another ideal case in point is that of rowing against current.)
72) To the already well-known/familiar examples/cases of..., another may/can be added:...
(e.g. ...of things turning out contrary to one's wishes, another can be added: A great invention in medicine leads to a sharp increase in the average span of human life. But on the other hand, it turns out to overburden the food supply of the world.)
73) As another illustration/example, let's take/see (the case of)...
(e.g. As another illustration, let's see the case of swimming in an ocean.)
74) A very similar case/example/story can be cited/told from...
(e.g. ...from the modern military history of China.)
75) Perhaps it will suffice to mention another example/case/story of..., which unfolds as follows:...
(e.g. ...of an unbridgeable gap between ideal and reality, which unfolds as follows: A woman was speaking to her friend about her two beaus. “If I could combine their qualities, I'd be the happiest person in the world. Ronald is rich, handsome and witty but unwilling to propose marriage to me. Tony, compared with t he first, is outshone but he is eager to marry me.”)
76) It is only by/through...that... (e.g. It is only by adapting oneself to a new environment that he is more  likely than others to survive in it.)
77) From the exemplifications above, it turns out that... (e.g. From the exemplifications above, it turns out that the power of determined will enables one to find some way out of any difficulty.)
78) As the foregoing turns out, it matters not...but... (e.g. As the foregoing turns out, it matters not what color your cat is but once it catches mice, it must never be one of the bad.)
79) Indeed, the evidence upon all sides justifies/confirms/supports/points to/is in favor of the truth/view/maxim that...
(e.g. ...that failure teaches success.)
80) Judging from all evidence offered/From what has been mentioned above, we may reasonably/safely arrive at/come to/reach/draw/deduce/assert the conclusion that...
(e.g. ...that a just cause enjoys abundant support while an unjust cause finds little.)
81) If there is anything more/well worthy of mention/consideration/attention/careful study, nothing comes close to...
(e.g. 略)
82) To make the better (clearer/easier) best (clearest/easiest), a further/deeper/wiser step/way/study/method/measure/plan is/should be...
(e.g. To make the clearer clearest, a further study should be taken up of how the phenomenon “La Ni a” came into being.)
83) If you are.../want to..., it is vital/ideal/important/essential that...(e.g. If you are more at home in associating one thing with others, it is  vital that you take full advantage of the divergent thinking.)
84) The most important/essential/substantial/critical thing/matter worth pointing out, however, is...
(e.g. ...is what structure of knowledge a would-be achiever has in the future competition.)
85) Following/Abiding by the above instructions/advice/directions/rules can...but you will achieve/gain/do better/more if you...
(e.g. Following the above instruction can give you a feeling of achievement,  but you will achieve more if you have a good command of its specific property.)
86) The comparison/contrast that calls for deepest thought lies/consists  in...
(e.g. ...in social values that convey different senses to the two peoples.)
87) The most striking/sharpest/shocking/instructive contrast between A and B can be found in...
(e.g. ...in the way both see the world.)
88) If standing in contrast to..., the thing/matter/person (of one's concern) differs essentially/greatly/radically/profoundly from the reference in...
(e.g. ...in the mode of reproduction/living.)
89) The effect of comparison/contrast between both is heightened most by the difference in...
(e.g. ...in size/intelligence/principles/values/outlook on life/abilities to adapt to new environments.)
90) Still under/in similar/the same circumstances/conditions/situations, however, the two things can turn out quite/most differently(或A turns out to be radically/utterly/totally different from B).(e.g. 略)
91) But in the other culture/atmosphere/society/scope/field, by contrast, the thing(s)/person(s)/subject(s) grow(s)/develop(s)/turn(s) out/act(s) in the opposite/contrary directions.(或a(n) completely/entirely/qualitatively/vastly/strikingly different result comes of/from the same thing/action/practice/event.)
(e.g. But in the western societies, by contrast, an entirely different result/effect comes of the same thing.)
92) Of all the differences between A and B, the greatest one is...
(e.g. Of all the differences between science and pseudoscience, the greatest  one is their truthfulness. Science originates in nature or from practice while pseudoscience is created/invented out of nothing or without foundation.) 93) A study of.../A cold look at/into...may be the best/sound way to learn more about the difference/contrast between A and B.A
(e.g. A study of attitudes towards money may be the sound way to learn more about the contrast between a noble-minded person and a person with vulgar interests.)
94) Against the same/different background(s), however, what stands out most between the two things/from he same thing is...
(e.g. Against the same background, however, what stands out between the two peoples is the angles/perspectives from which they see things.)
95) Between the two things/subjects/people under comparison, nothing can bring out/present as great/sharp/poignant contrast as...
(e.g. ...as poignant contrast as the occasion when both run into danger.)
96) As far as...is/are concerned, sth. in question means/signifies/symbolizes...
(e.g. As far as a person of bad taste is concerned, life means seeking for physical incentives, of which money is usually counted as No. One.)
97) If adopted/used to define/measure/weigh/judge..., sth. in question is often seen/valued/looked upon/thought of/referred to/cherished as.../is embodied (reflected) in.../lies (consists) in...
(e.g. If adopted to weigh the college student, beauty is embodied in his or her comprehensive qualities.)
98) With/For/To..., sth. in question is just the same as.../is as...as... /is like.../is...
(e.g. With some of the upstarts, luxurious living is just as essential as parading their success.)
99) In the case of..., sth. stands for/refers to/means...
(e.g. In the case of the Me-generation, friendship stands for an obedient  tool on hand.)
100) What is the meaning/interpretation/connotation of...if it is limited /restricted to the field/scope/circle/group of...?
(e.g. What is the meaning of loyalty if it is restricted to the circle of pure scientists?)

Peter

③【常见段首句和过渡句】
1) Some (people) argue/claim/believe/hold that... But others set (put) forth a different argument about/oppositive views on the matter in question.
(e.g. Some claim that setting off firecrackers is a good practice of celebrating the Spring Festival. ...But others put forth opposite views on the problem. )
2) Some (people) advocate/endorse/favor/are for (或oppose/object to/are against)... Yet others stick to/hold on to/cling to the opposite views/argument/points.
(e.g. Some advocate changes intended to modernize the building code. ...Yet  others hold on to the opposite views.)
3) To some people's mind/From some people's point of view/In the eye(s) o f some people, the matter in question is/seems/should be/means...But to others'  mind/from others' point of view/in others' eyes, it is just/quite the other way  around/contrary/opposite(或the opposite/reverse is the case/true.)
(e.g. To some people's mind, reading should be done in a selective way. ...But to others', it is just the other way around.)
4) Some (people) respond/react to...by...But others behave/act in the other direction/in the opposite way.
(e.g. Some people respond to failure by remaining inactive or avoiding it...But others behave in the opposite way.)
5) Some take the view that...And/But on the other hand, others argue for the opposite view that...
(e.g. Some are of the view that institutions mould characters. ...And on the other hand, others argue for the opposite view that characters transform institutions.)

④【常见让步法段首句和过渡句】
1) It is true/There is no need to deny that...But it does not mean... (e.g. There is no need to deny that recreational services have added variety to our social life. ...But it does not mean leaving them to take their own courses.)
2) Although it is widely believed that..., it can not stand close/cold scrutiny/analysis/examination.
3) Admittedly/True/Obviously/Indeed, the issue in question. ... But one basic/vital fact is being left out of our analysis/consideration, namely/that is,... (e.g. Admittedly, the official figures and statistics show that much improvement has been made in people's living standards. ... But one vital fact is being left out of our analysis, namely a growing gap between the rich and the poor. )
4) Those in favor of the issue in question argue/contend/hold/maintain/claim that...But what they fail to consider/analyze/see/find out is that...
(e.g. Those in favor of euthanasia contend that its practice can benefit both the patient and his family. ...But what they fail to consider is that euthanasia may be taken advantage of for some evil or hidden purposes.)
5) Superficially/On the surface/At first glance(thought)/In appearance, the issue in question seems...But in fact(on second thoughts/on close examination/in substance),...
(e.g. At first glance, the western-type democracy seems superior to any other types. ...But on second thoughts, it does not entitle every citizen of the same nation to the equal freedom to act.)

⑤【常见过渡句】
1) To prevent this phenomenon/trend from worsening/running wide/To guide the matter/situation to the best advantage, it is necessary/important to...(可用于分析建议类、原因分析类等议论文)
2) In the face of...some people take the position that.../some people come to believe that..., to which I can't attach/add my consent.(可用于批驳分析类议论文)
或：In the face of...people retain/take/show/assume different attitudes/position s/standpoints.(可用于各抒己见类议论文)
或：In the face of...many people have come up with...(可用于对比分析类议论文和知识性说明文等)
3) But many people feel puzzled about/perplexed at/over whelmed with...(the changes/situation), so this essay is intended to...(可用于批驳分析类议论文和知识性说明文)
4) Although lots of people follow the fashion/trend, I still set my heart on...(可用于理由陈述类议论文)
5) To get a sense of how...we must turn first to causes for it/to what benefit (harm/problems/difference) it has brought to our society.(可用于分析建议和原因分析类议论文)
6) This is a (n) favorable/unfavorable/unhealthy/essential/marked/grateful change/tendency/situation, but factors/causes/reasons for it are not hard to find(或but its appearance/existence derives from a variety of factors). (用于原因分析类议论文)
7) The progress/improvement/change(s) in...is(are) really tremendous/remarkable/prodigious/marvelous, so it is necessary to understand (see) what it (they) illustrate (s)/prove(s)/account(s) for.(用于原因分析类议论文和知识性说明文)
8) A comparison between these changes may be a good way to learn more about...(可用于对比说明文)
9) More insight/inspiration/truth/thought can be deduced from these changes.(可用于知识性说明文)
10) This situation/phenomenon/trend/tendency is rather distressing/disturb ing/depressing/heart-rending, for the opposite of it is just in line with our wishes/just what is to be expected.(可用于分析建议、批驳分析和原因分析等议论文)
12) This is what we are unwilling to see, so some way must be found out to...(可用于分析建议、对比分析、批驳分析类议论文和知识性说明文)
13) Fortunately, however, more and more people come/begin to realize that ...(可用于分析建议、对比分析和各抒己见类议论文)
14) Unfortunately, things have worsened/come/developed to the point where ...(用于分析建议、原因分析、批驳分析、各抒己见类议论文和知识性说明文)
15) But have you ever stopped to think what/how/why...?(可用于除理由陈述之外的各种议论文和知识性说明文) 16) If we take a further/colder/closer look at this problem/matter, however, more secrets/grounds/chances/ways will be found out for...
(e.g. ...putting it right/taking action against it/improving it) (可用于分析 建议、对比分析、原因分析等议论文和知识性说明文)
17) But this (dis)agreement ceases to exist as soon as...(用于各抒己见、批驳分析、对比分析等议论文和对比说明文)
18) A further/deeper analysis/study/exposure of.../A further comparison between...can reveal more about.../can show us more ways to...(how to...)可用于分析建议、原因分析、对比分析、批驳分析等议论文和对比说明文及知识性说明文)
19) If you push the analysis/study/argument/comparison/exposure further, you will see that...(用于分析建议、对比分析、批驳分析、各抒己见类议论文和对比说明文及知识性说明文)
20) The same is true of many cases in life.(用于举例说明文)
21) Now, let's see what would happen to...in this case/light(或in different conditions/circumstances).(用于分析建议类议论文和对比说明文)
22) Perhaps, it is ideal/high/ripe time for us to tackle/handle/answer/take up the question in no half-hearted manner.(用于分析建议、原因分析类议论文和知识性说明文)
23) To be frank, I have turned the question over and over in my mind, but found no reason to sidestep it; so here are my ways to.../my reasons for...(用于理由陈述类议论文和知识性说明文)
24) I was once cursed/perplexed/seized with this question, but I have forged/made my own way out of it.(用于知识性说明文)
25) People from different backgrounds, however, put different interpretations on the same thing.(用于各抒己见类议论文和展开式界说性说明文)
26) But different people hold completely different views as to its nature.(用于各抒己见类议论文和界说性说明文)
27) If/When adopted to account for/define/expose..., it can come in different meanings.(用于具体定义说明文)
28) If it is intended for..., however, the divergence of outlook on it ceases to continue while a new meaning to it begins to stand out.(用于归纳性定义说明文)
29) Our life abounds with examples in point.(或The truth in the definition goes for/is applicable to many cases in our life.)(用于举例说明文)
30) In that case, however, I prefer to...rather than...(用于理由陈述、比较分析、批驳分析类议论文和知识性说明文)
31) (Un)Fortunately, there are still some people who act in the other way  around.(用于分析建议和原因分析类议论文)
32) Once/If hit/cursed/overwhelmed with such troubles/straits/matters, you'd better/I would (not) do something about them to find your/my way out.(用于知识性说明文)
33) I was once caught/stuck in the same situation/context, but I managed to lift myself out of it.(用于知识性说明文)
34) When exposed to/subject to the same conditions/challenge/choice, however, different people tend to behave in different ways.(用于各抒己见类议论文)
35) If this is true/the case, what accounts for such an issue:...(如：perversion of justice for bribes 贪赃枉法)?(用于分析建议和原因分析等议论文)
36) If that remark still holds water now, the situation (trend/phenomenon) in question should make us ponder about what harm/benefit/influence it will bring to us/about how it will affect our society.(用于分析建议篇)
37) (In other words,...) But echoes of his view/voice(对他观点的附和声) die away as to w-questions.(用于各抒己见类议论文)
38) His view is voiced by more and more people, but finds no echo in my heart.(用于批驳分析类议论文)
39) His voice arouses echoes among people of insight, who have come up with some practical measures.(用于对比分析类议论文和知识性说明文)
40) His/Her case is not unique, and now more and more...(But...)(用于各种议论文和知识性、对比性说明文) 41) His/Her story is not unusual/rare, it is typical of thousands of people who are following his/her lead, so some people have abundant reason to ask how  this came into being/how this will affect our future life/what measures should  be taken to cope with it.(用于分析建议、原因分析、对比分析、批驳分析类议论文和知 识性说明文)
42) The results of this survey/questionaire have aroused/drawn nationwide / public attention/concern, which is why some great efforts are being made by our  government/society.(用于分析各抒己见类议论文和举例、知识性说明文)
43) Such a dilemma/problem/condition we often run into in our life, but the basic question is how to cope with it/but all we need to do is how to approach it.(用于分析建议、原因分析、对比分析等类议论文和知识性说明文)
44) What this survey reveals is cold and hard, so the top priority task f or us to set about is to...(用于分析建议、原因分析、对比分析等议论文和知识性说明 文)
45) This case has aroused echoes throughout the country, with more and mo r e people following its lead, but ideas about it vary widely/is there anything serious it has reflected?(用于分析类议论文和各抒己见类议论文)
46) Most people have realized the seriousness/potential of what this survey exposes, but...(用于分析类议论文)
47) With/For different people/things, however, sth. is open to different interpretations/tastes/connotations. A
(e.g. With the people from different family backgrounds, however, devotion is open to many interpretations.)
48) When adopted to define different things/people, sth. comes in a variety of flavors/tastes/meanings/values/senses. A
(e.g. When/If adopted to describe the people with different intentions, life often comes in various senses.)
49) Sth. may be/bear/convey many meanings/values/hints to many/different people/things, but, in all senses/the broadest sense/a real sense, it is/means...A
(e.g. Happiness may convey many hints to many families, but, in every sense, it means making more contribution than demand in a family.)
50) On the whole/As a whole/All in all/In substance (essence), however, the diverse/different/various meanings/interpretations/concepts/definitions of sth. originate (stem/come) from/can be boiled (narrowed/condensed) down to/can be traced back to one core (the same core)/one source (the same source) one connotation (the same connotation):...
(e.g. On the whole, however, the diverse meanings of success to the people above can be boiled down to one connotation: Success is a realization of one's ideal.)
51) Whether the definition/interpretation of sth. is constant or mutable,  however, depends on what backgrounds it is in. A
(e.g. Whether the definition of beauty is constant or mutable, however, depends much on what backgrounds it is put against.)

Peter

⑥【常见中心意思句】
1) From sth./what one has done, he can derive profits (will well deserve punishments) as follows.
(e.g. From his great inventions in many fields, man has well deserved punishments as follows.)
2) Sth., if made the best/the worst of, will bring some distinct advantages/disadvantages to our social development/one's growth.
(e.g. Stock markets, if made the best of, will bring some advantages to our  social construction.)
3) Sth. is expected to do a lot of benefit/threat/harm to sb./sth. else. (e.g. Cloning, as a new-born thing, is expected to do a lot of benefit to  the human progress.)
4) (Doing) sth. will enrich/endanger/influence one's life in more than one aspect.
(e.g. Having one's head in the clouds sometimes can enrich a good teacher's  teaching in more than one aspect.)
5) Some good/bad/unexpected effects come of what we have done/sth. done in...(e.g. Some good effects will certainly come of the efforts we have mad e in birth control.)
6) There are several reasons/causes/factors for the changes/increase/decline/growth in...(First,...Second...)
(e.g. There are probably a variety of reasons for the drastic changes in people's moral concepts.)
7) The reasons/causes/factors for sth. are complex/varied/profound. (Some attribute it...Others put it down to...Still others owe it to...)
(e.g. The causes for the prevalence of living together are varied and complex.)
8) The success/failure/change/increase/decline(in sth.) mainly/largely stems/derives/results from the factors as follows.(One lies in...Another is found in...Still another consists in...)
(e.g. The rise in China's economy mainly derives from a number of factors/the factors as follows.)
9) Why has/did/is...? (For one thing/...For another...Perhaps the most fundamental/adequate/competent reason is...)
(e.g. Why is there a growing drift toward power-seeking in society?) 10) It is no easy/simple task/job to furnish/identify/find every reason / cause for sth., but/while, on the whole, three/some factors shout louder/weigh heavier than others/stand out from others.
(e.g. It is no easy job to find every reason for the increase in the number of teenagers who run away from their homes, but, on the whole, two factors shout  louder than others.)
11) In view of this situation/drift/boom/social disorder/drastic change, people put forward/advance/suggest/propose two countermoves/countermeasures:...
(e.g. In view of this population boom in large cities, people have come up with two countermeasures: dispersal of city population and development of an underground city.)
12) From the suggested solutions (to...)/measures (against...)/plans (for . ..)/moves (toward...)/ideas (on...), two have begun to stand/stick out, namely.. .(e.g. 略)
13) There are believed/expected/supposed to be two effective measures/practical schemes/workable ideas/sound solutions, one of which is...
(e.g. There are believed to two workable ideas on prevention of teenage pregnancy, one of which is the sex education of teenagers.)
14) To promote/suppress/cultivate/popularize/curb/enhance/root up the thing in question, the public attention/more stress/emphasis is placed/put/focused upon two proposals/moves/measures/solutions:...
(e.g. To root up the prostitution in our society, the public attention is focused on two solutions: a permanent ban against unhealthy recreations and a long -term moral education.)
15) When it comes to the comparison between A and B, each has its own advantages and disadvantages.
(e.g. When it comes to the comparison between travelling by car and travelling by train, each has advantages and disadvantages of its own.)
16) Ideas/Views on the issue in question vary from person to person/vary widely. A
(e.g. Ideas on the way of reading vary from person to person.
17) As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different views/positions/attitudes/stands(或people's attitudes are quite opposite to  each other.).A
(e.g. As to whether birth of various associations on campus is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different stands.)
18) People's views, however, are divergent on the matter in question. A
或：People are divided in opinion/outlook/view on the matter in question. A
(e.g. People's views, however, are divergent on the newborn thing.)
19) People respond/react to...in the manners/ways opposite to each other.
A(e.g. People respond to the stress in the manners opposite to each other.)
20) Although people arrive at/reach/achieve the common understanding of sth., their views/ideas about its influence/future/impact (on our life) are at opposite poles. A
(e.g. Although people have arrived at the common understanding of China's achievement, their views about her future are at opposite poles.)
21) There are several/a number of reasons/factors for my choice/pursuit ( o f...)/fondness (for...)/adaptability (to...)/concentration (on...)/advocacy (of. ..)/belief (in...) (或my seeking/choosing to do sth.)
(e.g. There are several reasons for my fondness for the sports.)
22) Among the factors that contribute to my achievement/choice/struggle/. .., three/a few shout louder/weigh more heavily/stand out.
(e.g. Among the factors that contribute to my success in studies, three shout louder.)
23) The reasons/factors/causes for my love (of...)/interest (in...)/determination (to do sth.)/objection (to sth.)/...are varied and individual.
(e.g. The reasons for my pursuit of the career are varied but individual.)

24) A variety of/Quite a few factors have led me to do sth.
(e.g. Quite a few factors have led me to form the habit of collecting stamps .)
25) My outlook (on...)/choice (of...)/participation (in...)/devotion (to...) stems from/derives from/results from some/several chief factors.
(e.g. My pleasant memory of my Chinese teacher stems from several chief fact ors.) 26) Our life/history/society abounds with/is rich in/is full of typical examples/illustrations.(e.g. 略) 27) Cases illustrative of this definition/truth/theory/principle/mechanism /saying/proverb are not rare/are too numerous to mention one by one/can be found  everywhere in our life/society.
(e.g. Cases illustrative of the saying—facts speak louder than words—are too numerous to mention one by one.)
28) To illstrate the theory in question, we can cite many examples.( e.g. 略)
29) According to my observation/knowledge, many examples from our real life can serve/be used (employed/cited) as good evidence for the definition in question.(e.g. 略)
30) This truth/principle/motto/popular saying/way of coping with sth. is/ h olds true for/goes for/can be applied to many/various matters/cases in our actual life.
(e.g. The above theory can be applied to a variety of cases in our daily life.)
31) There are some/several/a few steps (measures/ways/methods/tricks/less o ns) you/a would-be beginner can follow (take/try/use/learn) to achieve your (his /her) goal/to realize your/his dreams/to the best advantage.
(e.g. There are some clever tricks a would-be relaxer can learn to keep himself free of worry or stress.)
32) When/If sth. in question/you...it is better/advisable/necessary/essential (for you) to follow the instructions/courses/steps/schemes/ways as given/described below.
(e.g. If your trouble builds up to the point where you can not put up with it, it is advisable for you to follow the instructions as given below.)
33) To do sth., one/you'd better (not) go by/act upon/comply with some concrete/practical/sound/effective rules/regulations/orders/procedures/courses.
(e.g. To break with the bad habits like smoking, you'd better go by some effective instructions.)
34) For anyone/those who..., here are the best ways to...
(e.g. For those who are anxious to make friends with the opposite sex, here  are the best ways to remove all their anxiety.)
35) What/How/Why...then?
(e.g. How does this small association develop into a nationwide organization ?)
36) If/When placed together to undergo a close/careful/sound/rational/all -sided comparison, they/the two subjects (parties) can reveal/show/manifest/display their resemblance/difference in...(some aspects)(e.g. 略) 37) Just as one can distinguish only by comparing(或Just as there can be  n o differentiation without contrast), it is necessary/better/worthwhile to see/find out what will come of the contrast/comparison between A and B.
(e.g. ...it is worthwhile to find out what comes of the contrast between the  Western culture and the Eastern culture.)
38) In/Under/On different/similar situations/conditions/circumstances, how ever, the meanings/connotations/inspirations/lessons/doctrines/experiences/value s/implications/hints derived from (gained in) the same (different) thing(s) are  similar/contrary/opposite to one another(或different from one other).
(e.g. In different situations/Against different backgrounds, however, the values derived from the same incident are found contrary to one another.) 39) The best/only/nearest/sound way for us to understand/seize the essence /substance of..., however, is to put both/it against each other/different backgrounds/another thing (或...is to make a comparison/contrast between A and B).
(e.g. The only way for us to get the sense/core of dishonesty, however, is t o put it against honesty.)
40) To..., however, no way works better than by comparing/contrasting A with B.
(e.g. To see through this superstition, however, no way works better than by contrasting it with science.)

Peter

⑦【常见转折句】
1) In view of the above-mentioned negative factors/disadvantage(s)/defects in A, people's second thought is to...
(e.g. In view of the above-mentioned negative factors in raising the output,  our second thought is to improve the quality of products.)
2) To counter/offset/counteract/cancel undesirable/side/ill effects/influence/results of A, B is put forward/proposed/advanced as another better course/ solution to...
(e.g. To counter the undesirable effects of rigid administration, emotional  investment is advanced as another better course to success in business.) 3) In their efforts to battle against dark side/incongruous elements A  h as brought along with it, however, people come up with another approach/solution /course to...namely...
(e.g. In their efforts to battle against the dark side the examination-oriented education has brought along with it, educators come up with another approach  to the problem, namely the quality-oriented education.)
4) In contrast with the drawbacks/demerits/flaws of A, B can serve as a better step/move/advance in the right direction/to ward the solution for the problem of...
(e.g. In contrast with the drawbacks caused by nuclear power, the solar power can serve as a better move toward the solution for the problem of energy crisis.)
5) So when it comes to an effective remedy for/a good counter-balance to the problems/limits/faults/weaknesses in A, people naturally think of B.
(e.g. So when it comes to an effective remedy for the weaknesses in competition, people naturally think of cooperation.)
6) But it has also brought along with it the negative effect/disadvantage /weakness that... 7) However, it is not without limits/problems/faults/defects, for example, ...
8) Like anything else, it also has its own dark side, as evidenced in...
9) For/Despite/In spite of the advantages/benefits/positive effects A has, it has suffered from/posed some disadvantages/harm/negative effects.
10) To attain this goal, however, we still have much work to do/many obstacles to remove.

⑧【常见让步句】
1) Indeed, A is superior to/enjoys a distinct advantage over B in...,but  it pales/proves inferior beside B/as compared with B in many aspects. (In the first place...In the second...In the third...) A
(e.g. Indeed, television is superior to newspapers in vividness and quickness, but it pales beside B in many other aspects.)
2) In spite of the fact that A has made a great difference/contribution t o.../has given life/color/variety/rein/birth/rise/a push to..., it means/proves/ sounds nothing/trivial when compared with B in some respects. (For one thing,... For another,...For still another,...)A
(e.g. In spite of the fact that the revolution in industry has given variety  to the way people live, it proves trivial when compared with the revolution in  information.)
3) Although nothing/few things can come close to A/can outweigh A in..., its demerits/disadvantages/drawbacks/defects stand out against B.(First...Second ...Third...And above all...)A
(e.g. Although few things can outweigh the intellectual education in tapping  mental resources, its disadvantages stand out against the moral education.)
4) Popular/Highly-praised/Welcome/Fashionable/Prevalent as A is in+地点名词/among some people(或Helpful/Useful/Beneficial/Advantageous as A is to sb.), it suffers from/reveals/displays practical problems/faults/limits/weaknesses before/by comparison to/compared with B.(To begin with...Next...Last...)A
(e.g. Beneficial as the CALL (Computer-Assisted Language Learning) is to students, it suffers from some undoubted faults by comparison to the face-to-face language learning.)
5) It is obvious/true that B can't compete/be compared with A in..., but  B still enjoys/secures/has/possesses distinct/considerable/decided/substantial advantages over A.(One of these is...Another...Still another...)A
(e.g. It is obvious that radio can't compete with television in visuality, but it still possesses substantial advantages over television.)

⑨【常见界说性句式】
1) Sth. is like/as...as/similar to/the same as/compared to/as if (though) ...(明喻)
(e.g. In the eyes of book worms, books are compared to/like a magic blanket that carries them anywhere as they like.)
2) Sth. is/refers to/is nothing but...(暗喻)
(e.g. For/To a seeker after the treasure of knowledge, learning is rowing across an unbounded ocean, in which hardship is seen as his boat.)
3) Sth. is thought of/defined/valued/cherished/seen/esteemed as...
(e.g. A true friend is valued not only as your shadow that comforts your body but also as your mirror that helps you find any dirt on your face.)
4) A does sth. just as B does sth. else.
(e.g. Educative experiences of life can tell us how to get rid of failure, just as weather beaten sailors know how to steer clear of rocks.)
5) Sth. means/signifies/stands for/is a symbol(matter/sign/token)of...
(e.g. Love is not a matter of seeking self-satisfaction; it is first a matter of giving and then discovering, as an unexpected gift, the deepest satisfaction one can know.)

⑩【常见结尾句式】
1) Only in this way/Only when.../Only through...will/can we...
或：It is only if/when...that we will...
(e.g. It is only if all sides of society take their roles fully that we will achieve the society we want.)
2) As/So long as...we will be able to.../the problem is bound to...
(e.g. As long as we persist in spreading scientific knowledge among the masses, all the superstitions are bound to go out of our life.)
3) For any place that.../For anyone who...there is every/no reason/chance to...
(e.g. For any government that devotes itself to nourishing honesty among its officials, there is every reason to bid an eternal farewell to corruption.)
4) In short/brief/one word/sum, once we are on the way to..., the chance of achieving/making it will increase/grow greater/come to our advantage. A
(e.g. In short, once our country is on the way to clearing corrupt dealings out of the Party, the chance of making it will come to the people's advantage.)
5) The quotations/remarks from sb.(或The popular saying/maxim/proverb) “...” may be a better/sure cure/remedy for ...(或...sound/practical/sensible/well-weighted advice on how to...)
(e.g. The old saying “Laziness in youth spells regret in old age” may be sensible advice on how to cherish the years of youth.)
6) And worst of all/best of all, it has/will/would effect(ed) the most unfavorable/favorable change in...
(e.g. And worst of all, the official corruption has effected the most unfavorable change in the people's attitude towards the government.
7) As another severe shock (genuine comfort) to the people/society/As the most destructive/pushing effect on...(our life), it has permeated among the people/through our social soil/throughout the whole country(或has melted/penetrated into/been rooted in (the) Chinese soil (in the people's minds).A
(e.g. As the destructive effect on our nation, his heretical ideas have been  rooted in many people's minds.)
8) As a(n) sensational/unexpected result of..., more and more people have come/got/begun to..A
(e.g. As an unexpected result/consequence of the patriotic education, more and more people have come to regain/restore their sense of justice.)
9) To one's greatest astonishment/delight, sth. has affected...to the point of...
(e.g. To our greatest astonishment, the corruption has affected the society  to the point of threatening its political stability.)
10) The most obvious/direct result/consequence it produces/brings about is...
(e.g. The most obvious result the economic reforms have produced is the way  the people live and think.)
11) With a constant/steady improvement in ...(或With the gradual worsening of...) sth. will...
(e.g. develop to one's advantage)A
(e.g. With a steady improvement in its administration, the new-born thing will flourish on Chinese soil.)
12) In (the) course of time/In a long run (the long term), sth. is more likely/believed/bound/sure to...
(e.g. In a long run, the practice of birth control is believed to do a great  benefit to the future of China.)
13) In spite of the fact that...(或Although...), sth. will (not)...in our /one's assiduous/conscious/consistent efforts. A
(e.g. In spite of the fact that their is no hope of attaining the final goal  at one go, this reform will be spreading far and wide in our consistent efforts .)
14) In a word, there is every/little chance/probability/possibility that. ..in time to come. A
(e.g. In one word, there is every chance that this wise move in economic construction will acquire a broader significance in time to come.)
15) Anything (anyone) that (who)...will have to...
(e.g. Those who have a strong bias against the Chinese nation (will) have to treat her with increased respect.)

B11【常见列举用转折词语】
1) for one thing, for another, above all things;
2) to begin/start with, next/besides/moreover, last/finally;
3) in the first place, in the second, in the third, (and) best of/worst of all;
4) one of these, another,(there is) still another(reason/factor); 5) first of all, second, third, in short/in sum.

B12【常见对比转折词语】
1) but, but on the contrary, but on the other hand, but then;
2) by contrast, in contrast, in contrast with/to, as a contrast to, as opposed to;
3)by contraries, on the contrary, to the contrary, contrary to (A), opposite to, in opposition to;
4) whereas, while, while on the other hand, while on the whole, yet, however;
5) (as) compared with/to, by comparison, in comparison with, by comparison to.
6) First..., Next..., Last...;
7) In the first/early/initial/infant period/stage/phase(或In its infancy) ..., In the second/middle/adult/ripe period/stage/phase..., In the third/last/closing/later/concluding period...;
8) One step (way/course/approach/secret/trick)..., Another step..., Still another step...;
9) The first measure/step/move..., Next to it comes..., And the last/final/the most important measure...;
10) The direct experience/lesson/factor/way(或One lesson)...The indirect  experience/lesson/factor/way(或The other lesson)...

B13【常见对比转折词语】
1) But the obvious(fatal/serious) flaw (defect/drawback) in their argument (attitude/idea/view/action/behavior) is that.../But the basic (main/great/key/ big) problem with their argument (...) is that...
(e.g. ...that they are ignorant of (blind to) a bare fact: Social changes have attached new meanings and values to the division between good and bad.)
2) But if...it is (not) easy (difficult/hard) to see (find/discover) that ...
(e.g. But if they adjust their frame of mind a little in the other direction , it is not hard for them to find that life is just as promising as before.)
3) Too much emphasis (attention/stress/concern/significance) placed on (given to/focused on/attached to/paid to) the negative (sunny/gloomy/bright) side  of the issue, however, may...(如mislead/confuse/cloud/bias/disturb our judgment  of it.)A
(e.g. ..., however, may mislead us to form a pessimistic estimate of current  situations.或..., however, may stop us from rendering (passing/forming/having) a fair(correct/clear/infallible/wise)judgment on it.)
4) But in most cases/from the point of view of justice (objectivity)/as a matter of fact/in a very true sense, their (public/general) satisfaction (dissatisfaction/disillusionment/concern) with...(或their criticism of.../their argument for/against.../their objection to.../their approval for...) can not.../is..., for...
(e.g. But in an impartial sense, the public dissatisfaction can not hold every water, for our society is still abundant in goodness and beauty.)
5) As a result of..., however, things would/are bound to...
(e.g. As a result of such an utter indifference to vicious behavior, however , things would be past saving/mending/all the hope.)

B14【常见情景/参照物设定的词语或结构】
1) when, if, the other day in a certain place, suppose/imagine/assume (that...), in (the) course/time of...for instance, in the event of等； 2) in the case of, as for/to, as far as...is/are concerned, The same is t rue of..., when compared with, in comparison with, by comparison等； 3) If there is anything that comes close to/is comparable to/with...,...t here is hardly, a thing that compares favorable with/can rival...

Peter

写作句型翻译

1随着…的飞速发展/越来越多的关注，越来越… 例：随着建筑业的大力推进，人们对建立越来越多的房屋建筑感到宽心。 2  近来，某事/某问题引起了人们的普遍关注/成了公众关注的焦点。 例：近来失业问题引起了人们的普遍关注，各级政府已把它列为首要议程。 3 我们面临的一个普遍问题是… /一个越来越引人关注的普遍问题是… 例：一个越来越引人关注的普遍问题是，发明汽车是否为人 4 在过去的几年里，…经历了突飞猛进/迅猛增长/下降。 例：在过去的几年里，物种数量骤然下降。 5 如今对我们社会更（最）为重要的（危险的）事情是… 例：对我们社会最为危险的事情是政界倾向于互相利用。 6 根据图表资料，我们可以发现… 7 根据图表（数字）显示，…明显增长（下降）/发生了有利（不利）变化。 8 据上面图表（数字）所示，从某年到某年某方面发生了剧烈的（相当大的；巨大的）变 化。 9 图表显示，从某年到某年某方面有下降（增长）的趋势。 10任何人只要仔细看一看图表中的资料就会惊讶地发现… 11 在我们的社会里…是一个传统的做法。 例：象婚姻和住房这些方面，年轻人在经济上依赖于他们的父母，是属于传统的做法。 12 （在中国）…长期以来被视为是理所应该的。 例：上一代为下一代的成长承担完全的责任，长期以来被视为是理所应该的（完全合理的） 13  往往事与愿违，他本来的目的是要… 例：往往事与愿违，他本来的目的是要通过发明内燃发动机来改变人们的生活方式。这种内 燃机的诞生确实大大地方便了人们的生活，尤其是旅行和运输。但其不利的一面却给我们社 会带来了越来越多的忧虑。 14 如果从对立的角度来看, …的当前形势显示… 例：如果从对立的角度来看，政治体制改革的当前形势显示，其成就远不如人意。例如…， 但是… 15 关于…似乎一切进展顺利（正如某人的意愿发展）。 例：中国经济改革的形势似乎正朝着政府所期望的方向发展。 16  在某人看来，某事似乎（意味着）… 例：在公众的眼里，官员腐败意味着收受贿赂，…但腐败却以许多不同的形式出现。 17  没有人会否认… 或：…，这一点毫无异议。 18  说到…，大多数人（公众）坚持认为（争辩说）… 例：说到假货，每一个消费者对他们都有一通怒气要发泄。 19  现在人们普遍认为… 例：现在人们普遍认为，各种考试是选拔合格人才的最佳手段。 20  关于…公众就此展开了一场辩论。 例：当有人犯罪时，一个人是否应当勇敢地站出来制止，公众就此展开了一场讨论。 21 某事物（如克隆、经营管理机构改革等）对于我们的社会似乎在正确（错误）的方向 走出了一大步，但同时也给普通大众带来了极大的忧虑（好处）。 22  …的诞生（发明）对…产生了巨大的（重要的）影响，但这并不意味着… 例：计算机的诞生对人类进步产生了极其重大的影响，但这并不意味着这一创举不会威胁到 我们的社会。 23  事物（如生物工程等）改变了我们社会发展的道路…但其好的一面不应使我们同时受 其坏的一面的影响。 24  …正朝着对我们有利的方向发展 例：国企改革有悖于大多数工人的利益…但如果认真冷静地来看待这一举措，从长远来看， 它将给国家带来一些巨大的好处。  25  毫无疑问…但是… 例：毫无疑问，传统教育为我们的社会发展作出了很大的贡献…但传统教育的一些严重缺陷 与我们的时代相抵触。 26 这（某事物）意味着什么呢？ 27 某事物是如何影响我们的生活的呢（为什么会影响我们的生活呢）？ 28  ……是怎样（一种情况）呢？ 例：一个人完全失去自信是怎样一种情况呢？ 29  如果没有……，那我们的社会会怎样呢？ 例：如果没有公共道德，那我们的社会会怎样呢？ 30  我们是否可以将A置于B之上呢？或：我们是否可以对A和B同等重视呢？ 例：我们是否可以将增长知识置于道德教育之上呢？ 31  某事物常常被视为/定义为……；人们常常将某事物视为/定义为……。 例：腐败官僚常常被视为我们政府机构中最危险的蛀虫，他们行为不轨，蚕噬着我们党的健 康肌体。 32  （做）某事物就如同……/可以比作……/类似于……/就像……。 例：婚姻生活常被比作走钢丝绳，最初几年里夫妻相互吸引，而往后的岁月里他们则相互需 要对方。 33  某事物之于……就像另一事物之于…… 例：个体自然人的存在之于人类社会就如同河流之于海洋，起初细流跳涌，穿砂过石，然后 渐渐变得宽阔而深沉，直到最后汇入大海。 34  对大部分人/某人来说，某事物就是/意味着…… 例：对心怀叵测的人来说，朋友就是一个靶子或者一个目标，在当前或未来有利可图。 35  某事物是……的象征/标志/对等物//相当（等同）于……/象征着…… 例：如果说出卖肉体是堕落的标志的话，出卖手中的权力就等同于犯罪。 36  假设/试想……；我们假设/假定/试想…… 例：假设，不管怎样，你自己内心都不认同自己，你就更不可能取得周围人的好感。 37  我们常常不知不觉地陷入了一种窘境：是……还是……呢。 例：我们常常不知不觉就陷入了这样一种窘境：我们谋熊掌还是鲨鳍。 38  如果/万一/在……的情况下，最好……/……更为妥当/某人将只能……，除此以外别 无选择/别无他途。/我们只想知道怎样…… 例：万一你坠入爱河，我们只想知道你会怎样在里面游走，因为你已经不再是渔夫了。 39  不幸的是，某事物对人们生活的影响可能达到……的地步。 例：不幸的是，赢得人们好感的愿望对人的生活的影响可能达到他对任何人任何事都不情愿 拒绝的地步。 40  在我们生活中常常出现这样一种情况/这样一幕，就是当……/那就是……（或：…… 的现象屡见不鲜） 例：在我们日常生活中，往往会出现这样一种情况，就是当我们陶醉于我们工作中某一领域 的成功时，同时也开始给其他领域的工作带来损害。 41  “……”这就是伟大的思想家/科学家/作家之一对此的评论。 例：“幸福，就像一位老朋友，总是突如其来，出乎意料——而你当时正忙碌于另一事情。 ”这就是一位著名的作家曾经关于幸福的一番评论。 42  一位伟大的社会学家/心理学家曾经说过：“……” 例：伟大的女芭蕾舞演员安娜•巴甫洛娃曾经说过：“天生禀赋并非某一个人的专利。上帝 赐予人们天赋，汗水化天赋为天才。”换句话说，…… 43  “……”这就是对公众中众说纷纭的……的深刻揭露。 例：“公共道德日渐堕落。”这就是对我们社会阴暗面的准确揭露。 44  当今，这样的言论/抱怨/话不绝于耳：“……”或者“……”！ 例：当今，从官僚层传来这样的怨言不绝于耳：“我要实施的社会事业太多了”或者“社会 各种名号太多，而我们不得不背负起来”！千万不要被诸如此类的怨言所误导！ 45  一位伟人曾经说过，…… 例：美国一位天才的心理学家曾经说过，相信教会假日学校之真理——多一点慰藉，多一点 快乐——乃是一种幻觉。 46  我曾在一份报纸/一本杂志上偶尔看到这样一篇报道： 例：我曾在一份报纸上偶尔看到这样一则新闻：一个智谋过人的警察在大街上看见一个嫌疑 犯的一团唾沫后将唾沫收集起来，并对它进行DNA测试，最后推断出凶手并将之逮捕。这一 案例可以作为阐述DNA技术实际应用的最好的实例。 47  一天，我碰巧亲眼看见这一事件，过程如下…… 3  根据最近的调查/投票/问卷调查/统计来看，有百分之…… 例：最近在某大学所做的一个调查显示，有43.8%的男生和38.3%的女生面临营养问题或者每 期都因病缺课。 48  科学研究/科学的统计数字显示/表明…… 例：最近的科学研究显示，如果人的思想突然把握到某一事物并抓住不放，在这种情况下就 算是同它争辩也是徒劳。这一发现进一步证实现代人容易变得焦躁、情绪低落。 49  某人每个周末都/总是…… 例：每个周末，与我同住一室的宋小姐总是狼吞虎咽地吃完晚饭，然后急匆匆地同男朋友出 去了。 常见段首句1对有些人（那些人）来说/在有些人（那些人）的眼里（看来）/有些人（那 些人）认为，某一问题是……例：在一些老人看来，传统的思维模式是分辨是非的试金石。  2碰到……的情况（面对……/在……面前/由于受制于……/由于陷入……/由于……的 纠 缠/在……的征服下/由于迷恋于……），有些人往往/容易/倾向于……例：由于各种痛苦回 忆的纠缠，有些人往往倾向于以悲观的眼光看待生活。 3在……的情况下（面前/情况下/过程中/时候）/鉴于……，有些人往往……例：在人 们为生存而奋斗的过程中，很少有人会将自己的眼光导向阴暗的一面。 4正如……所阐述（揭露/暗示/列举/阐明）的那样；/最近一个报道（一项调查/问卷 调 查/研究/科学研究）表明，某一问题真的……（有许多人……/……的大有人在）例：最近 一项问卷调查显示，大多数人对社会总体风气的不满程度超过满意程度。 5在我们的日常生活（活动/社会联系）中/实际上/事实上，对这一问题许多人的反应 是……例：事实上，许多人面对邪恶行为总是尽可能避而远之。 6关于这一点最好的例子是……（……可以提供最好的证明。）例：关于这一点最好的 例子就是生意人光明正大挣钱还是靠走旁门歪道挣钱。 7试想/想象一下……（就知道了）。例：想象一下养花吧，花儿既娇嫩又需小心浇水 。 8比方说，在……的过程中，……例：比方说，在处理生活中的烦恼时，采取什么样的 方法就大有学问。 9以……为例，……（或，举例来说，……）例：以竞走为例，这项运动中耐力和强有 力的冲刺往往尤为重要。 10  作为……的例证/为阐明……/关于这方面的例子，我们（可以）引进/观察一下/考虑 一 下/沿用/援引……为例，……11  意识到问题是一回事/还只是开始（第一步），对我们来 说更重要的是怎样（解决/处理问题）这一步/的问题……例：意识到迷信的害处还只是第一 步，对我们国家来说更重要的一步是怎样将它从我们的社会根除出去。 12  要实现我们的最终目标/要达到我们的最终目的，没有现成的简易（完美/万能/一石 二 鸟/最顺心）的办法（捷径/出路/药方/方法），我们只有……才能踏上通往目标的正途（只 有……才是我们开展工作的可行办法。）例：消除迷信没有捷径可用，但以下措施/建议可 以使我们有的放矢。 13  要采取行动，没有比现在更好/更适宜的时机，因为我们现在拥有的机会是我们能得 到的最好机会。 14  因此，很显然（显而易见/很清楚/不足为奇/正是时机/人们希望/有人建议），为… … 我们应该全力以赴（坚持不懈/加大力度/积极合作/进一步努力/真正努力/切实努力/大力/ 作出不懈努力）。例：因此，很显然，我们应该为保持生态平衡作出坚持不懈的努力。 15  因此/显然/毫无疑问/很显然，……不可能一蹴而就/一步登天（绝不是一项简单的工 作 /任务），这要求/需要特殊的/适当的/所有可能方式/努力/措施/补救办法。例：因此，从 我们社会根除这一天生缺陷不可能一蹴而就，需要付出特别的努力。 16  当/如果有人问（要求）……，我想……/宁愿（不）……/将这样……例：如果有人 要我设法摆脱这些邪恶行为带来的危险，我宁愿过简朴生活也不愿与其他人同流合污。 17  为了……我不妨引述一下自己的经历。例：为了抛砖引玉，我不妨先说说自己的经历 。 18  如果我被置于/处在/置身于可以由我自己来选择的情况/背景/情形/状况下，我会… …例：如果我自己可以自由选择生存方式的话，我会这样…… 19  在……面前/遇到……时，我决定（决心）/建议……例：面对未来生活的挑战，我决 心从以下几个方面完善自己。 20  关于我，我将/已经/会…… 21  如果我们任其自然，某事物将肯定/必然会引起/导致/带来理想的（出乎意料的/严重 的/接踵而来的/适得其反的/灾难性的/深远的）效应/后果/影响。 22  毫无疑问/人们相信/可以料想会有一些好的/坏的/有益的/有害的效应/后果/影响。  23  不管怎样/不管发生什么事，（这已经导致）一些恶性/良性效果（已经应运而生）。  24  因此，值得我们特别/日益关注/注意的是，某事物所引发的一些效应/所造成的一些 影响。例：因此，值得我们关注的首先是我们党内一些不良行为所造成的各种影响。 25  ……所造成的影响/效应/后果并不只/仅限于……（它同时还……）例：我们对生活 的 憧憬其影响并不仅限于社会生活的某一特定领域。相反，它在我们社会的每一个方面都留有 烙印。 26  从对……的引发原因所作的分析出发人们不难得出/推出/断定/演绎出/推断出这样一 个 结论，即，……（或：分辨出/看到这样一种趋势，即……）例：从对离婚引发原因所作的 分析出发，我们不难得出这样一个结论，即在当前这种情况下离婚率将持续上升。 27  如果某人继续对这一问题漠然置之/置之不理/视而不见/忽视这一问题，情况/形势将 肯 定与日俱下。或：如果某人真正全心全意关注/关心这一问题/这件事情，情况将必然会越来 越好/有所好转。例：如果各级政府对就业问题真正给予特别关心，情况很有可能会有所好 转。 28  因而从以上/上述……可以看出，（做）某事物的意义远远/大大超出其本身。例：因 而可以看出，在政府机构中的养廉行动其意义远远超出其本身之外。 29  （做）某事物的意义存在于/反映在以下几方面。 30  很显然/很明显/毫无疑问，某事物将非常有助于……（将为……带来生机/增添光彩/ 更 加丰富/赋予新的意义/增添活力。）例：很显然，植树造林运动将非常有助于（改善/保护 ）我们的生活环境。 31  二者之间/两者相权，我更喜欢/更倾向于/更重视/（决定）取第一（第二）/前者（ 后者）。 32 如果由我来（在两者之间）作选择，我宁愿选择……而不是/选择……例：如果要我 在出卖国家的情况下在二者之间做出选择，我宁愿选择死而不选择生。 33既然在……下二者都不可能达到完美/都不可能行之有效/都不可能达到……（所要 求的 标准），某人所有的最好的/唯一的/理想的办法是……例：既然两种措施都不能完全解决考 试作弊的问题，我们所能采取的最好的办法就是将二者与其它可能的解决方法结合起来。 34鉴于这两个问题中存在明显的/严重的弊端/缺陷，我建议/决定采取……（或：坚持 /坚 持认为/主张……）例：鉴于这两个建议都存在严重的缺陷，我坚持主张全面发挥彼此的优 势，以达到我们的目的。 35从以上比较中可以看出，第一（二）事物更可取/更理想（或：第一/二事物更有可 荐之处），但为了追求完美，另一事物的优点/优势应得以充分利用。 36  从以上对比和比较可以看出，任何人都可以准确推断出/不无道理地得出结论，即… … 例：……即驾车旅行可以让他有更多的机会了解沿途所经过的地方的自然条件和社会习惯。  37  如果/当从……方面（在……的基础上/按照……）来衡量其优劣（正反两方面）时， 难 道你不认为……（赞同/倾向于……）？例：如果从实际的结果来……，难道你不认为 后者所代表的学习方法更好吗？ 38  由此可见/总之/总而言之，由于……具有独一无二的/实质性的/多方面的优点/优势 ，所以……例：简言之，由于完善监督具有实质性的优点，人们才寄予厚望。 39  就当前情况来说，事实上/实际上，在……没什么可以与B相提并论，尽管……（它本 身 不无缺点。）例：就当前情况来看，事实上，在调动群众的积极性上没什么可以与打击官僚 腐败相提并论，尽管它本身不无缺点。 40  诚然/毋庸置疑/的确，B本身还有一些不足之处，但它相对较强的一面/积极的一面正 是某人所急需的……。 41  依我看/实际上，我们所要处理的最紧迫的问题/任务/问题/事项/事情是，……例： 依 我看，亟待我们完成的最紧迫的任务是，找到可以充分利用我们现有的水资源的新方法。 42  我们应着力于/应将我们关注的目光/兴趣向（导向）……引导。例：我们应着力于解 决如何才能扭转这种趋势。 43  我们真正需要/急需的是……例：我们现在真正需要的是接受任何有利于解决此问题 的一切建议。 44  现在正是/该是……的时候了。例：该是我们开放思想，接受与此相关的新的、不同 的观点和着手采取实际措施以阻止其继续扩展、蔓延的时候了。 45  那么/基于以上辩驳，怎样/什么……？例：……怎样才能使我们摆脱被动的局面？… …怎样才能弥补人类对环境所作的损害？……怎样对付当前盲目崇外的趋势？ 46  所以，我强烈感觉到……例：所以，我强烈感觉到最近的迷信潮反映了整个国家弥漫 着一种信任危机。 47  我的意见是/依我看来，没有什么比……更……例：依我看来，没有什么比分清是非 更重要的了。 48  如果我们对这一错误想法/行为的第一反应只是一种曲解，那么我们的真正/最终目的 是……例：……是纠正这种幻觉/行为。 49  历史上这种问题/事情/幻觉从未如此……过，以致于……例：……如此尖锐/麻烦以 致于人们越来越意识到需尽快/有必要抛弃“人定胜天”的信条。 50  既然（现在）……那么我们关心/争论的重心/焦点应转向……例：既然问题非常明显 ，无需进一步辩驳，那么我们争论的焦点应向加强人们的节水意识转移。 51  我的意见/观点/看法是……例：我的看法是中国前途光明但成功的道路不会平坦。 52  依我看来/从我的观点看/我认为，是……还是……取决于怎么……例：依我看来，金 钱带给我们的是幸福还是邪恶取决于我们取得和使用金钱的方式。 53 不管怎样/不管如何/无论如何，是……还是……这个问题很难回答（有待进一步思量 ） ，不过有一点可以肯定，即……例：无论如何，克隆是祸是福有待进一步考究；不过有一点 可以肯定，那就是它会大大改观我们的生活。 54  在我眼里，在……上巨大的意见分歧并不意味着……（我们在认识如何把握自己行为 上 莫衷一是）。问题的实质在于（根本的问题是）……例：在我眼里，关于失败的广泛的观点 分歧并不意味着……。问题的实质在于我们把它放在心里的哪一个位置。 55  对这两种极端的观点我不能苟同/不敢恭维，因为我相信/认为……例：……因为我认 为更可靠的办法是充分利用双方争论中合理的成分。 56  我的看法/意见/观点是我们应该将……放在第一位/置于优先地位，而将……放在次 要 地位。例：我的看法是我们应该将素质教育置于优先地位，而将应试教育放在次要地位。 57  在我看来，前者（后者）的立足点对……（来说）更……例：在我看来，前者的（前 一个）立足点更适合我们的国情。 58  尽管/虽然第一（二）个观点有一定的道理，我还是（更）倾向于第二（一）种观点 。 59  坦白说/实事求是地说（说真的），相对后（前）一种态度/立场而言，我赞成前（后 ）一种态度/立场。 60  尽管前（后）一种观点有走极端之嫌，在我看来，事实的真相是……例：……在我看 来，事实的真相是越来越多的人正为创造中国的光明前途做出自己的贡献。 61  由于上述理由/原因，我从未/将永远也不会……例：由于上述原因，我在追求自己的 目标上至今从未动摇过。 62  尽管/虽然……没有什么……可以/能够……（或：我一直/将永远……）例：尽管这 些 年人们思考和生活的方式有剧烈的变化，我一直坚信任何符合人们的真正利益的事物都值得 推行。 63  情况可能随时代潮流有些变化，但……仍一如既往。例：……但我对……的爱慕仍一 如既往。 64  在我心里，没有什么（谁）比……更……例：在我心里，没有什么比这项运动/这件 事/这个地方更让我激动了。 65  的确，时间和空间都已证明……例：的确，时间和空间都已证明，我在那个方向越努 力，对它就越如饥似渴。 66我还可以列举出很多，但对我来说更重要的/更具实质意义的/更紧迫的是……例：…… 是为了实现我的目标我应该采取什么步骤。 67  然而，（要想）……要求/就必须例：然而，要想学习成功就必须付出很多努力。 68  但是实际上，讲道理是一回事，实现目标又是一回事，而且往往需要/是/要求……（ 所以……）例：……而且往往需要更强的意志力。 69  然而，对我来说，最大的挑战不是……事情/问题，而是……事情/问题。例：然而， 对 我来说，最值得关注的/最大的挑战不是我的愿望现实与否的问题，而是我如何提高自己的 能力将它变为现实。 70  既然/既然现在……，接下来要做的/余下需要改进的……是……例：既然我的选择各 方面考虑因素已黑白分明，接下来的事情就是怎样朝它努力了。 71  关于这一点/这方面还有一个（好的/理想的）实例，就是……例：关于这一点还有一 个理想的实例，就是逆水行舟。 72  关于……的实例，除了这个众所周知的/大家都很熟悉的例子/事例以外，不妨再举一 个 ：……例：关于事与愿违的实例除了……以外，不妨再举一个：一项伟大的医药发明大大延 长了人们的寿命。但另一方面，它给世界带来了沉重的粮食负担。 73  作为另外一种阐述方法/实例，我们来看看……例：作为另外一种阐述，我们来看看 海中游泳这个例子。 74  我们还可以从……找到/举出非常类似的事例/例子/事件。例：我们还可以从中国军 事当代历史中找到…… 75  也许再举一个……例子/实例/事例问题就能水落石出，就是：……例：也许再举一个 关 于理想与现实之间不可逾越的鸿沟的例子……，就是：一个女人跟她的朋友谈论她的两位情 人。“如果能把他们俩的优点合而为一，那我将是世界上最幸福的人了。罗纳尔德富裕、英 俊，聪明过人，但不愿向我求婚。托尼与之相比逊色多了，但迫不及待地要跟我结婚。” 76  只有用/通过……才能……例：只有他自己适应新的环境，他才会比别人更有可能生 存下来。 77  以上例证的结论就是……例：以上例证的结论就是坚定的意志力能使人设法摆脱困境 。 78  以上（论述/阐述）说明，……并不重要，重要的是……例：以上论述说明，猫的颜 色并不重要，只要它能抓到老鼠就不是只坏老鼠。 79  的确，各方面证据证明/证实/支持/表明/赞同这一真理/观点/格言，即……例：…… 即失败是成功之母。 80  从所有证据可以推断/从上面提到的内容我们可以自然而然/不难得出/得出/推出/推 断出/断定这样一个结论：……例：……：得道多助，失道寡助。 81  如果有什么更/很值得一提/考虑/关心/认真研究的话，那就非……莫属了。 82  为了精益求精（更加清楚地……/使……更加容易），（我们）应该……进一步/更深 /更明智的步骤/方法/研究/方式/措施/计划。例：为了使其原因更加明朗化，人们应该对“ 拉尼娜”现象的形成过程作进一步研究。 83  如果你（是）……/想……，关键在于/理想的……是……/（……非常重要/至关重要 。 ）例：如果你在从一事物联想到另一事物方面很拿手，那么至关重要就是充分利用你的发散 思维。 84然而，值得指出的最重要/本质/实质/关键的事情/问题是……例：……是在未来竞争中 一位成功者应具备什么样的知识结构。 85  采纳/遵照上述指导/建议/指示/规则（固然）能……但如果你……你将会更有所收获 / 做得更好。例：按上述指导进行固然能使你有一种成就感，但如果你很好地把握住它的具体 特点你将会更有收获。 86  这种引人深思的（鲜明）对照/对比在于……例：……在于对两个民族传递了不同信 息的社会价值。 87  A和B最引人注目的/尖锐的/令人震惊的/具启发意义的对比（不同点）在于……例： ……在于二者观察世界的方法。 88 （如果）与……相比，（某人所关注的）这件事/个问题/个人与……存在本质/很大/ 根本/深刻的区别（不同）。例：……在繁衍/生活的方式上……。 89  二者相比/将二者相对照，最大（显著）的区别在于……例：……在于规模/智慧/原 则/价值/人生观/适应新环境的能力。 90  然而，（尽管仍然）在相似/同样的环境/条件/情况下，二者的结果截然不同（或：A 与B的结果根本不同/截然不同/完全不同）。 91  但是相比之下，在另一种文化背景/氛围/社会/范围/领域中，某事物/某人/某件物体 生 长/发展/的结果/表现恰恰相反。（或：同样的事物/行动/行为/事情最后的结果完全/截然/ 在质量上/大大/显著不同。）例：但比较而言，在西方社会同样的事情得到的是完全不同的 结果/效果。 92 在A与B之间所有的差异当中，最大的差异是… 例：在科学与伪科学之间所有的差异当中，最大的差异是他们的真实性。科学来源于自然或 者实践，而伪科学凭空捏造或者毫无根据（纯属子虚乌有）。 93 对…的研究/调查也许是得知更多A与B不同之处的最佳/合理途径。 例：进行一项金钱观的研究也许是得知更多的关于一个高尚情操的人与一个低级趣味的人之 间不同的合理途径。 94 然而，在相同/不同的背景下，两者/同一事物表现最明显的差异是… 例：然而，在相同的背景下，两个民族表现最明显的差异在于他们看待事物的角度。 95 通过两事物/对象/人的比较，两者之间最大的反差是…（如：发生在两者都处在危险 中的情况下。 96  就…而言，问题意味着/象征… 例：就品味差的人而言，生活意味着寻找感观刺激，通常把钱摆在第一位。 97  用于定义/衡量/判断…，该事物通常被视为/体现了/在于… 例：如果用于衡量大学生，美寓于其综合素质里面。 98 对于…而言，某事物就如同…一样。 一些暴发户而言，奢侈的生活本质上就是炫耀他们的成功。 99 就…而言，某事物代表了/指的是/意味着… 例：就我这一代而言，友谊代表着随手可用的听话的工具。 100 如果限制在…的领域/范围/圈子/群体中，…的意义/解释/内涵是什么？ 例：如果限制在纯粹是科学家的范围内，忠诚的含义是什么？

Peter

常见段首句和过渡句 1 有些人争论说/声称/认为/…但其他一些人对这一问题却提出了不同的论点/相反的 观点。 例：有些人认为庆祝春节时放鞭炮这种做法好，但其他一些人对这一问题却提出了相反的观 点。 2 有些人拥护/支持/赞成（反对）…然而其他人则坚持相反的观点/论点。 例：有些人拥护旨在使建筑行规现代化所做的变革…而其他人则持相反的观点。 3 有些人认为，这一问题是/似乎是/意味着…但在其他人看来，事情恰恰相反。 例：在有些人看来，阅读应该有选择地进行…但对于其他人来说，看法恰恰相反。 4 有些人以…来回应…，…但其他人则表现相反。 例：有些人对失败采用消极和回避的态度，…但其他人表现相反。 5 有些人认为…但另一方面，其他一些人则持相反的观点，认为… 例：有些人认为习俗塑造性格，但另一方面，其他一些人则持相反的观点，认为性格能改变 习俗。  常见让步段首句和过渡句 1 确实/不可否认…，但这并不意味着… 例：不可否认，娱乐业为社会生活增加了多样性，但这并不意味着让其放任自流。 2 尽管很多人认为…，但它却经不住仔细彻底的检查/分析/检验。 3 无可否认/诚然/很明显/确实，问题…但在我们的分析考虑中忽略了一个基本的/至 关重要的事实，那就是/即… 例：无可否认，官方的统计数据表明人民的生活水平大有改善，…但在我们的分析中忽略了 一个至关重要的事实，那就是贫富差距不断拉大。 4 对问题持赞成态度的人争辩/认为/宣称…，但他们没考虑到/分析/看到/发现… 例：赞成安乐死的人争辩说，这一做法对于病人及其家庭都有利，…但他们没考虑到的是， 有人会利用安乐死达到其罪恶或不可告人的目的。 5 表面上/乍一看/乍一想/从外表来看，问题似乎…，但实际上/仔细一想/仔细一查， … 例：初看起来，西方式的民主比其他任何形式的民主都要优越，…但仔细一考虑，它并不赋 予同一国家的每一个公民一平等的自由。 〖LM〗常见过渡句 1 为了防止这种现象/趋势进一步恶化/扩散（为了引导问题/形势朝最有利的方向发展， …有必要/很重要。 2 对于…有些人的立场是…/有些人认为…，对此我并不同意。 或：对于…，人们保留/采取/表现不同的态度/立场/观点。 或：面对…，许多人… 3但很多人对（变化/形势）感到迷惑/困惑不解，因此本文… 4 尽管很多人跟着潮流走，我仍然专心于… 5 为了弄明白…，我们必须首先找原因/它给社会带来了什么好处/危害/问题/变化。 6 这是一个有利的/不利的/不健康的/基本的/显著的/谢天谢地的变化/趋势/形势，但其 原因却不难发现（但其出现却源于一些不同的因素）。 7 …的进步/改变确实巨大/显著/惊人/了不起，因此有必要懂得它（他们）说明了/证明 了/表明了什么。 8 对这些变化进行比较对于了解更多的…会是一个好的途径。 9 从这些变化可以得出更进一步的看法/灵感/真理/想法。 10这种形势/现象/趋势相当麻烦/令人失望/令人伤心，因为与我们期望的正好相反。 12这正是我们所期望的，因此必须要设法… 13然而幸运的是，越来越多的人逐渐/开始认识到… 14不幸的是，形势恶化/发展到了…的地步。 15但你是否想到什么/怎样/为什么…？ 16不过，如果我们进一步/更仔细地来看这一问题，我们就会找到更多的窍门/根据/机 会/ 方法来予以纠正/采取行动/加以改善。 17但是一旦…，就会产生不同的意见/分歧也就没有了。 18对…进行进一步的/深入的分析/研究/剖析（对…进行进一步的比较）可以揭示更多 的…/可以为我们找到更多的途径（如何）去… 19〖JP3〗如果你把分析/研究/论证/比较/剖析往前推进一步，就会发现…〖JP〗 20生活中很多情况都是如此。 21那么，在这种情况下/在不同的情况下，我们看看…的结果会如何。 22也许我们已经到了该认真处理/回答这一问题的时候了。 23坦率地说，我对这一问题考虑再三，找不到可以回避的理由，因此下面是我…的方 法/理由。 24我曾对这一问题感到厌恶/困惑/无法摆脱，但我还是自己把它解决了。 25但是来自不同背景的人对同一事物会有不同的解释。 26但是不同的人对其本质会持有截然不同的看法。 27如果用于解释/定义/揭示…，它可能会有不同的含义。 28但是如果它是旨在…，就不会存在对其看法分歧，同时会表现出新的含义。 29在我们的生活中不乏其例。（该定义适用于我们生活中的许多事例）。 30但是倘若如此，宁愿（倾向于）…而不是… 31幸运（不幸）的是，仍有很多人反行其道。 32一旦/如果碰上这种麻烦/困难/事情，你最好/我（不）会找解决的办法。 33我曾经碰到过/陷入同样的境地，但是设法摆脱了。 34不过，当面临同样的情况/挑战/选择时，不同的人会有不同的表现。 35如果事情果真如此，对这一问题（如贪赃枉法）的解释是：… 36如果该言论仍然成立，对这一形势/趋势/现象的探讨应促使我们思考它将给我们带 来什么样的危害/好处/影响（它将如何对造成我们的社会的影响）。 37（换言之，…）至于碰到各种质疑，对他观点的附和声便销声匿迹。 38他的观点得到越来越多的人的附和，但我一点也不认同。 39他的观点引起了有识之士的共鸣，他们已经采取了一些切实的措施。 40他（她）情况并非个例，现在越来越多的…/但是… 41他（她）讲述的并非罕见，成千上万的人都是如此，他们纷纷效法，因此有人就会 有 充足的理由来问这是怎么形成的/这将如何影响我们的未来生活/该采取什么措施来处理。 42调查/调查问卷的结果引起了全国的/公众的关注，这是政府/社会正在做出很大努力 的原因。 43这样的困境/问题/情况我们在生活中经常碰到，但根本问题是如何去处理它/但我们 所要做的一切去处理它。 44调查结果不容乐观，因此我们要着手的首要任务是… 45这一事例引起了全国的反响，越来越多的人加以效仿，但人们对此看法不一/这是否 反映了事情的严重性呢？ 46大多数人认识到这项调查所暴露的严重性/潜在问题，但是… 47然而对于不同的人/事物，某事物可以有不同的解释/味道/内涵。 例：然而对于来自不同家庭背景的人来说，奉献可以有很多的诠释。 48当用于定义不同的事物/人时，某事物就会有不同的味道/含义/价值/意义。 例：如果用于描述不同意图的人，生活常常表现出不同的感觉。 49某事物对很多（不同的）人/事物来说也许含有很多意义/价值/表现，但总的意义上 /广义上/真正意义上，它是… 例：对很多家庭来说，幸福会有很多的涵义，但它总体上意味着家庭中奉献多于索求。 50可是总体而言/总之/基本而言，某事物不同的意义/解释/概念/定义来源于/可以归 结为/ 可以追溯到一个（同一个）核心/源头/内涵：… 例：可是总体上，对于上述人来说成功的不同意义可以归结为一个涵义：成功就是理想的实 现。 51然而，某事物的定义/解释会变还是不会变，这取决于其所在的背景。 例：然而，美的定义/解释会变还是不会变，这很大程度上取决于其所在的背景。

Peter

常见中心意思句 1 从其所做来看，他可以得到如下好处（他将受到如下的惩罚）： 例：就其很多领域的重大发明而言，人类将会受到如下的惩罚。 2 如果得到充分利用/弄砸了，某事物将给社会发展/为一个人的成长带来很大的好处/ 坏处。 例：如果得到充分利用，股票市场将为社会建设带来一些的好处。 3 某事物可能对某人/另一事物有很大的好处/威胁/危害。 例：新产生的克隆技术可望对人类进步有很大的好处。 4 （做）某事将不止在一个方面丰富/危害/影响一个人的生活。 例：想入非非有时能在多方面是教师的教学得以丰富。 5 一些好的/坏的/出乎意料的结果是出于我们在…方面所做的事情。 例：一些好的方面将肯定是我们在控制生育上所做努力的结果。 6 …的变化/增加/下降/增长有几个方面的原因/因素。首先…，其次… 例：人们道德观的剧烈变化可能有不同的原因。 7 某事的原因/起因很复杂/不一/深刻。有些人归因于…，有些人归结为…，还有些人 认为是…的结果。 例：流行住在一起的原因既不同又复杂。 8 某事物的成功/失败/改变/增长/下降主要/大体上是由于以下的因素。一个是…，另 一个是…，还有一个是… 例：中国经济的崛起主要是由于以下的因素。 9 为什么…？首先…；其次…；也许最根本的/最大的原因是… 例：为什么社会越来越趋于追求权力？ 10要提供/辨别/找到某事物的每一个原因并不简单，但总体上有三个/一些相对较为突 出的因素。 例：要找到青少年离家出走人数增长的每一个原因并不容易，但总体上有两个因素较为突出 。 11鉴于这种形势/（坏的）趋势/剧烈增长/不良社会秩序/剧烈的变化，人们提出了两 个应对措施。 例：鉴于大城市人口的剧烈增长，人们提出了两个应对措施：分散城市人口以及发展地下城 。 12对于…的建议解决办法/对于针对…的措施/对于…的计划/对于…的提议/对于…的 想法，其中有两个已开始突出，即… 13有人认为//可望/应该有两个有效的措施/可行的计划/可行的想法/可行的办法，其 中一个是… 例：有人认为预防青少年怀孕有两个可行的主意，其中一个是对青少年进行性教育。 14为了改善/压制/培养/普及阻止/提高/消除该问题，公众的注意力/进一步的强调放 在了/ 集中在两个提议/举措/措施/解决办法上：… 例：为了消除社会卖淫现象，公众的注意力集中在两个解决办法上：永久禁止不健康的娱乐 和长期的道德教育。 15谈到A与B的比较，各有各的长处和短处。 例：谈到开车旅行和坐火车旅行的比较，各有各的长处和短处。 16对于讨论该问题的看法，人与人之间有差距。 例：对于阅读方式的看法，仁者见仁，智者见智。 17至于这是好事还是坏事，人们看法/立场/态度不一。（人们的态度互不相容） 例：可是至于校园出现各种社团是好事还是坏事，人们立场不一。 18然而人们讨论这一问题的看法互有分歧。或：人们对此问题的观点不一。 例：但是，人们对新生事物的看法有分歧。 19人们对…的回应方式互相对立。 例：人们对压力的反应方式互不相同。 20尽管人们对某事达成了共识，但他们关于其影响/未来/对我们生活的影响看法不一 。例：尽管人们对中国的成就有共同的认识，但他们对中国的未来看法不一。 21我的选择/我对…的追求/对…的喜欢/适应…/专注于…/拥护…/相信…有几个方面 的原因。（我寻求/选择做某事） 例：我喜欢运动有几个方面的原因。 22在我的成就/选择/奋斗背后的因素当中，有三个/几个比较突出/比较重要。 例：在我学习上成功的因素当中，有三个方面相对更为重要。 23我喜欢…/对…感兴趣/决定做某事/反对某事有不同的个人的原因。 例：我追求这一职业有不同的个人的原因。 24有相当多的因素致使我去做某事。 例：有相当多的因素致使我形成收集邮票的习惯。 25我对…的看法/对…的选择/对…的参与/致力于…源于几个主要的因素。 例：我对中文老师美好的回忆源于几个主要的因素。 26我们的生活/历史/社会中典型的事例俯拾即是。 27说明这一定义/真理/理论/原理/方法/俗语/谚语的例子并不罕见/举不胜举/在我们 的生活/社会中随处可见。 例：说明事实胜于雄辩这一俗话的例子举不胜举。 28为了说明我们讨论的这一理论，我们可以举一些例子。 29根据我的观察/知识，我们现实生活的许多例子可以用来做这一问题的很好的例证说 明。 30这一针对某事的真理/原理/格言/流行语/方法可以用于处理我们实际生活中的许多/ 各种事情。 例：上述理论可应用于我们日常生活中的许多事例。 31有一些/几个步骤/措施/途径/方法/计策/教训你（一个即将成为初学者的人）采纳/ 尝试/使用/吸取，以实现你的（他/她的）目标/以实现你的/他的梦想/以达到最佳效果。 例：有一些聪明的办法可供想放松的人学习，使自己不会焦虑或紧张。 32如果讨论某事/如果你…，（你）最好/有必要按照下面给出的/下述说明/做法/步骤 /计划/方法去做。 例：如果你的麻烦到了忍无可忍的时候，建议你按照下面的说明去做。 33要做某事，一个人/你最好（不）要遵从一些具体的/实用的/合理的/有效的规则/规 章制度/命令/程序/做法。 例：要打破象吸烟这样的坏习惯，你最好遵从一些有效的指导。 34对于…的人来说，最好的办法是… 例：对于那些渴望跟异性交朋友的人来说，这里有消除他们所有焦虑的办法。 35那么什么/如何/为什么…？ 例：这个小团体是如何发展成为一个全国性的组织的呢？ 36如果把他们放在一起进行仔细/合理/全面的比较，他们/这两个对象（双方）就能揭 示/ 显示/表明/展示他们在一些方面的相似/不同之处。 37只有通过比较才能区别（没有对照就不会有区分），找出A与B比较/对照之后的结果 是有必要的/最好的/值得的。 例：…找出东西方文化对照的结果是值得的。 38然而，在不同/类似的情况下，来源于相同/不同事物的意义/内涵/启发/教训/教条/ 经验/价值/含义/暗示相互类似/相互对立/互不相同。 例：然而，在不同的情况下/在不同的背景下，来自同一事件的价值观互不相同。 39然而，理解/抓住…的本质最好/唯一/合理的方法是，把两者置于彼此的/不同的背 景中（在A与B之间进行比较/对照）。 例：然而，我们懂得不诚实的唯一办法是把它与诚实进行比较。 40然而要…，把A与B进行比较/对照是最好的办法 例：然而要看透迷信，没有任何办法比把它与科学对比更好。

Peter

常见转折句 1  根据上面提到的A的负面因素/不利因素/缺陷，人们另一个想法是… 例：根据上面提到的提高产量的负面因素，我们的另一个想法是提高产品质量。 2  为了对抗/抵消/取消A的不良/负面影响/结果，B被提出作为对…的另一个更好的做 法/解决办法。 例：为了对抗管理僵化的不良影响，感情投资被提出作为商业成功的另一个更好的做法。 3  然而，人们努力对抗A所带来的负面/不和谐因素，提出了另一个方法/解决办法/做 法…即… 例：为了努力消除应试教育带来的不良的一面，教育工作者对这一问题提出了另一途径，即 素质教育。 4  与A的缺点相比，B对解决…的问题在正确的方向上更进了一步。 例：与核电的缺点相比，太阳能可作为更好的办法来解决能源问题。 5  当谈到对A的问题/局限/错误/弱点的有效补救/平衡，人们自然就想到了B。 例：因此当谈到竞争的坏处的有效补救时，人们自然就想到了合作。 6  但它也同时带来了…的负面效应/不利因素/弱点。 7  然而并非没有限制/问题/瑕疵/缺点，例如… 8  如同其他任何事物一样，它也有不好的一面，…就是明证。 9  尽管A具有优势/好处/正面效应，它却有一些坏处/危害/负面效应。 10 然而为了能达到这一目标，我们仍有很多工作要做/很多障碍要消除。  常见让步句 1确实，A比B在…方面优越/有明显的优势，但在很多方面还是比B逊色/证明不如B。 例：确实，在生动和快捷方面电视比报纸优越，但在其他方面却比报纸逊色。 2尽管事实上A对…有巨大作用/贡献/A使…生动/增色/多样化/得到控制/得以产生/得 以提高/得以推进，但在一些方面与B相比则差得远。 例：尽管事实上工业革命使得人们生活多样化了，但它与信息革命比起来简直是小巫见大巫 。 3尽管在…方面没有什么/几乎没有什么比A强，但与B相比坏处/弱点/缺点/缺陷明显。 首先…其次…再次…最重要的是… 例：尽管在开发人脑资源方面几乎没有什么比智力教育更为重要，但与道德教育比起来其弱 点也就出来了。 4 尽管A在某地/在一些人中很流行/得到高度评价/很受欢迎/很普遍（尽管A对某人有 帮 助/有用/有好处），但与B比起来它暴露了实际问题/瑕疵/限制/弱点。首先…其次…最后… 例：尽管计算机辅助语言学习对学生有益，但与面对面语言学习相比无疑有一些缺点。 5 在…方面A显然/确实不能与B相比，但B仍比A有明显的/相当的/巨大的优势。其中一 个是…另一个是…还有一个是… 例：在视觉上收音机明显不能与电视相比，但它仍比电视有巨大的优势。 常见界说性句式 1  某事物象/与…一样/与…相似/与…一样/被比作…/似乎… 例：在书呆子的眼里，书本如同有魔力的飞毯，想去哪儿就能够去哪儿。 2  例：对于寻求知识的宝藏的人来说，学习就象在无边的海洋上划船，困难被视为他 自己的船。 3  某事物被认为/被珍视为… 例：一个真正的朋友不仅是证实你身体的影子，而且是帮你发现脸上脏物的镜子。 4  A做…正如B做…一样。 例：人生具有教育性的经历能告诉我们如何摆脱失败，正如受天气影响的水手知道如何绕过 礁石航行。 5  某事物意味着…的象征。 例：爱情不是寻求自我满足，它首先是给予，然后是发现一件意外的礼物——一个人所能体 会到的最大的满足。  常见结尾句式 1 只有这样/只有当…/只有通过…我们才会/才能… 例：只有社会的方方面面充分做好各司其职，我们才能实现我们想要的社会。 2 只要…我们就能…/问题注定… 例：只要我们坚持向群众传播科学知识，所有的迷信注定会从我们的生活中消失。 3 对于任何…的地方/对于任何…的人，有充分理由/没有理由/有机会… 例：对于致力于培养官员诚实的任何政府，一定要做到永远地与腐败脱钩。 4 简而言之，我们一旦走上了…的道路，成功的机会将增加/变得更大。 例：简而言之，我国正在从党内清除腐败行为，成功将会对人民有利。 5 某人说/俗话说/有言道“…”，这对…也许是补救/这对如何…也许是一个合理的/ 切实的/更好的建议。 例：“少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲”这句老话对如何珍惜青春年华也许是明智的忠告。 6 最糟糕/极好的是，它已/将/会在…方面造成最不利/有利的变化。 例：最糟糕的是，官员腐败给人民对政府的态度造成了最不利的影响。 7 作为另一个对人民/社会的严重冲击（真正的安慰）/作为对（我们的生活）最具破 坏 性的影响，它已弥漫到人民中间/我们的社会土壤中/整个国家（已融入到/渗透到/根植于中 国的土壤里/人民的头脑中）。 例：作为对我国破坏性的影响，他的异端邪说已根植在了人民的头脑中。 8 由于…的耸人听闻/出人意料的结果，越来越多的人开始… 由于看到爱国主义教育的意外的结果/后果，越来越多的人开始恢复正义感。 9 令某人大吃一惊/大喜的是，某事物对…的影响已达到…的程度。 例：令我们大为惊讶的是，腐败对我们社会的影响已达到威胁政治稳定的程度。 10 它所造成的/带来的最明显的/直接的结果/后果是… 例：经济改革所产生的最明显的结果是人们的生活和思维方式。 11随着…的稳定改善（随着…的逐渐恶化），某事物将…（如有利于某人的发展） 例：随着管理的稳定改善，这已新事物将在中国的土地上开花结果。 12随着时间的推移/从长远来看，某事物更可能/被认为/必定… 例：从长远来看，控制生育的做法被认为将对中国的未来有极大的益处。 13尽管事实上…，在我们的/某人的辛勤/一贯努力下，某事物将（不）会… 例：尽管事实上不能一举成功，在我们的一贯努力下，这一改革将会全面铺开。 14总之，在今后极有机会/可能（几乎没有机会/可能）… 例：总之，这一经济建设中的举措极可能在今后获得更加广泛的意义。 15任何事/人…将不得不… 那些对中国有很大成见的人不得不以越来越尊重的态度对待中国。 〖LM〗常见列举用转折词 1 首先；其次；最重要的是； 2 首先；然后/此外/而且；最后； 3 第一，首先；第二；第三；最好的是/最糟糕的是； 4 其中一个；另一个；还有一个（原因/因素）； 5 首先；第二；第三；简而言之/总之；  常见对比转折词 1 但是；但相反地；但另一方面；但是接下去； 2 通过对比；经过对比；经与…过对比；作为与…的对比；作为…的对照； 3 相反；相反；相反；与A相反；与…相反；与…相反； 4 然而；然而；然而另一方面；然而整体而言；然而；然而； 5 跟…相比 6 首先…；其次…；最后…； 7 在第一个/早期/开始/婴儿时期/阶段；在第二个/中间/成人/成熟时期/阶段；在第三个 /最后/结束/后面的阶段； 8 一个措施/方法/做法/秘密/计策是…；另一个措施是…；还有一个措施是…； 9 第一个措施是…；接着是…；最后一个/最重要的措施是…； 10 直接经验/教训/因素/途径是（一个教训是）…；间接经验/教训/因素/途径是（另一 个教训是）…；  常见对比转折词语 1 但他们辩论/态度/观点/看法/行为中的明显/致命的/严重的缺点/缺陷是…；他们辩论 的基本/最大/主要问题在于… 例：…他们忽视了一个赤裸裸的事实：社会变革给善恶的区分赋予了新的意义和价值。 2 但如果…很（不）容易/难发现… 例：但如果他们稍微调整一下思路，就会不难发现生活还是跟以前一样前途光明。 3 然而，对问题负面/正面/阴暗面给予/集中/附加了太多的强调/注意/关注会…（如误导 /混淆/掩盖/歪曲/干扰我们对它的判断） 例：然而，…会误导我们对目前的形势形成悲观的估计。或：然而，…会阻碍我们对其形成 /有一个正确的/清楚的/无误的/明智的判断。 4 但大多数情况下/从公正（客观）的角度来看/实际上/真正意义上，他们/公众/对…的 满 意/不满/幻灭/关注（或：他们对…的批评/他们对…辩解（辩驳）/他们对…的反对/他们对 …的支持）不能…/是…，因为… 例：但从公正的角度来看，公众的不满并不都有道理，因为我们的社会仍然充满着善与美。 5 然而，作为…的结果，事情会注定… 例：然而，作为对不良行为全然漠视的结果，事情将成为过去，希望还在。 常见情景/参照物设定的词语或结构 1 当…的时候；如果；几天前在某地；假设/想象/倘使…；在…期间；例如；万一…； 2 关于；关于；关于；关于…也是一样；当与…相比；当与…相比；通过比较； 3 如果说有什么能与…相比，那么几乎没有什么能与…（另一事物）相比/匹敌。

Peter

眼睛别花啊，慢慢看，呵呵

h_alucard

http://ourdream.ca/forums/images/smilies/wdb11.gif ，谢谢楼主，辛苦了，复制这么多东西上来。但提个建议，楼主不如将这东西写道。TXT或者。DOC上再发上来，这样看见http://ourdream.ca/forums/images/smilies/wdb14.gif ，头好晕吖。。。。。。。。。。。。

一杯清茶

俺的老花眼终于被你诱导出来啦！

cklvcr

，谢谢，辛苦了